Syria

Country Syria
Capital Damascus
Continent Asia
Currency Syrian pound(SYP)
Languages Arabic

Information

Introduction

Following World War I, France acquired a mandate over the northern portion of the former Ottoman Empire province of Syria. The French administered the area as Syria until granting it independence in 1946. The new country lacked political stability, however, and experienced a series of military coups during its first decades. Syria united with Egypt in February 1958 to form the United Arab Republic. In September 1961, the two entities separated, and the Syrian Arab Republic was reestablished. In November 1970, Hafiz al-ASAD, a member of the Socialist Ba'th Party and the minority Alawite sect, seized power in a bloodless coup and brought political stability to the country. In the 1967 Arab-Israeli War, Syria lost the Golan Heights to Israel. During the 1990s, Syria and Israel held occasional peace talks over its return. Following the death of President al-ASAD, his son, Bashar al-ASAD, was approved as president by popular referendum in July 2000. Syrian troops - stationed in Lebanon since 1976 in an ostensible peacekeeping role - were withdrawn in April 2005. During the July-August 2006 conflict between Israel and Hizballah, Syria placed its military forces on alert but did not intervene directly on behalf of its ally Hizballah. In May 2007 Bashar al-ASAD was elected to his second term as President.

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References

Syria - Wikipedia
Syria - CIA World Fact Book
Syria - BBC
Syria - Timeline - BBC

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‘India can play an important role in the stability of Syria through its friendship with Syrians and Kurds’ - The Indian Express‘India can play an important role in the stability of Syria through its friendship with Syrians and Kurds’  The Indian Express

Turkey starts supplying Azerbaijani gas to boost Syria's power output - Times of IndiaTurkey starts supplying Azerbaijani gas to boost Syria's power output  Times of India

Protesters in Syria's Druze heartland demand govt forces withdraw - The HinduProtesters in Syria's Druze heartland demand govt forces withdraw  The Hindu

Syria wants Russia ‘by our side’ in new government’s first Moscow visit - Al JazeeraSyria wants Russia ‘by our side’ in new government’s first Moscow visit  Al Jazeera

Swedish jihadist jailed for life over IS murder of Jordanian pilot in Syria - BBCSwedish jihadist jailed for life over IS murder of Jordanian pilot in Syria  BBC

Statement by UN Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator for Syria, Adam Abdelmoula on the Humanitarian Convoy to As-Sweida Governorate [EN/AR] - ReliefWebStatement by UN Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator for Syria, Adam Abdelmoula on the Humanitarian Convoy to As-Sweida Governorate [EN/AR]  ReliefWeb

'Killed for what, religion?': inside the horror of southern Syria's sectarian violence – video - theguardian.com'Killed for what, religion?': inside the horror of southern Syria's sectarian violence – video  theguardian.com

A truce in Syria, at crossroads of empires - The TribuneA truce in Syria, at crossroads of empires  The Tribune

West Asia News Live: Saudi diplomacy gains momentum amid rising instability in Syria, Gaza - FirstpostWest Asia News Live: Saudi diplomacy gains momentum amid rising instability in Syria, Gaza  Firstpost

Russia hosts Syria’s new leadership in an attempt to retain its strategic advantages - theweek.inRussia hosts Syria’s new leadership in an attempt to retain its strategic advantages  theweek.in

SNHR’s Monthly Report on Arrests/Detentions in Syria - Syrian Network for Human Rights (SNHR)SNHR’s Monthly Report on Arrests/Detentions in Syria  Syrian Network for Human Rights (SNHR)

Syria: Are parliamentary elections a new beginning? - DWSyria: Are parliamentary elections a new beginning?  DW

Azerbaijan to export 1.2 billion cubic metres of gas to Syria through Turkey annually - ReutersAzerbaijan to export 1.2 billion cubic metres of gas to Syria through Turkey annually  Reuters

Syria: Fragile ceasefire in Sweida ‘largely holding’ amid volatility - UN NewsSyria: Fragile ceasefire in Sweida ‘largely holding’ amid volatility  UN News

Türkiye starts 1st natural gas flow to Syria from Azerbaijan | Daily Sabah - Daily SabahTürkiye starts 1st natural gas flow to Syria from Azerbaijan | Daily Sabah  Daily Sabah

Remarks at a UN Security Council Briefing on the Political and Humanitarian Situations in Syria - United States Mission to the United Nations (.gov)Remarks at a UN Security Council Briefing on the Political and Humanitarian Situations in Syria  United States Mission to the United Nations (.gov)

Syrian Arab Republic: Flash Update No. 5 - Escalation of Hostilities in As-Sweida Governorate (as of 31 July 2025) - ReliefWebSyrian Arab Republic: Flash Update No. 5 - Escalation of Hostilities in As-Sweida Governorate (as of 31 July 2025)  ReliefWeb

Russia, Syria to deepen ties, review longstanding Assad-era agreements - France 24Russia, Syria to deepen ties, review longstanding Assad-era agreements  France 24

Syria inaugurates Azerbaijan gas pipeline through Turkey - bne IntelliNewsSyria inaugurates Azerbaijan gas pipeline through Turkey  bne IntelliNews

Syria: ICRC gains access to Sweida, calls for sustained humanitarian response - International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)Syria: ICRC gains access to Sweida, calls for sustained humanitarian response  International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)

Anti-Israeli protests in Syria - Tehran TimesAnti-Israeli protests in Syria  Tehran Times

US tariffs: Myanmar, Laos, Syria hit with steepest levies - The Economic TimesUS tariffs: Myanmar, Laos, Syria hit with steepest levies  The Economic Times

Historic launch of Azerbaijani gas exports to Syria via Turkey - Aze.MediaHistoric launch of Azerbaijani gas exports to Syria via Turkey  Aze.Media

Syria to hold first parliamentary elections since al-Assad’s fall - Al JazeeraSyria to hold first parliamentary elections since al-Assad’s fall  Al Jazeera

Jordan says two armed people killed after 'infiltration attempt' via Syrian border - ReutersJordan says two armed people killed after 'infiltration attempt' via Syrian border  Reuters

Sectarian wounds: On the violence in Syria - The HinduSectarian wounds: On the violence in Syria  The Hindu

Türkiye begins first natural gas shipments to Syria - TRT GlobalTürkiye begins first natural gas shipments to Syria  TRT Global

Press group urges accountability for death of photojournalist in Syria - JURIST Legal NewsPress group urges accountability for death of photojournalist in Syria  JURIST Legal News

Saudi Arabia pledges $2.9bn for Syria infrastructure, part of wider package - Al JazeeraSaudi Arabia pledges $2.9bn for Syria infrastructure, part of wider package  Al Jazeera

Turkey starts first shipments of natural gas from Azerbaijan to Syria - thenationalnews.comTurkey starts first shipments of natural gas from Azerbaijan to Syria  thenationalnews.com

US envoy vows accountability for American killed in Syria unrest - AL-MonitorUS envoy vows accountability for American killed in Syria unrest  AL-Monitor

Syria wants Russia 'by our side,' foreign minister Asaad al-Shibani says in Moscow - Euronews.comSyria wants Russia 'by our side,' foreign minister Asaad al-Shibani says in Moscow  Euronews.com

Syria’s elections: a path to inclusion or continued conflict? - South China Morning PostSyria’s elections: a path to inclusion or continued conflict?  South China Morning Post

Trump slaps steep tariffs on 6 Arab countries, with Syria hit hardest - Anadolu AjansiTrump slaps steep tariffs on 6 Arab countries, with Syria hit hardest  Anadolu Ajansi

Aid arrives in Syria’s Suwayda as UN says humanitarian situation critical - Al JazeeraAid arrives in Syria’s Suwayda as UN says humanitarian situation critical  Al Jazeera

Syria inaugurates Qatari-funded gas pipeline from Azerbaijan via Turkiye - thecradle.coSyria inaugurates Qatari-funded gas pipeline from Azerbaijan via Turkiye  thecradle.co

World News in Brief: First UN mission to Syria’s Sweida, fresh displacement in Haiti, new lightning record - UN NewsWorld News in Brief: First UN mission to Syria’s Sweida, fresh displacement in Haiti, new lightning record  UN News

Who Are Druze And Why Israel Is Bombing Syria To Protect Them - NDTVWho Are Druze And Why Israel Is Bombing Syria To Protect Them  NDTV

India’s first outreach to Syria after Assad fall: MEA official meets ministers in Damascus - The Indian ExpressIndia’s first outreach to Syria after Assad fall: MEA official meets ministers in Damascus  The Indian Express

India's diplomatic engagement with Syria: First formal meetings held with transitional government - Times of IndiaIndia's diplomatic engagement with Syria: First formal meetings held with transitional government  Times of India

Turkey delivers Azerbaijani gas to power post-Assad Syria’s recovery - EuractivTurkey delivers Azerbaijani gas to power post-Assad Syria’s recovery  Euractiv

Syria forms panel to probe civilian attacks in Sweida violence - France 24Syria forms panel to probe civilian attacks in Sweida violence  France 24

The Guardian view on Syria’s hopes and fears: stability can’t be built without the people | Editorial - theguardian.comThe Guardian view on Syria’s hopes and fears: stability can’t be built without the people | Editorial  theguardian.com

Syria forms committee to investigate Suwayda violence: What to know - AL-MonitorSyria forms committee to investigate Suwayda violence: What to know  AL-Monitor

Refugees Return to Syria: Challenges and Uncertainties - Arab Center Washington DCRefugees Return to Syria: Challenges and Uncertainties  Arab Center Washington DC

Syria clears Bedouin fighters from Suwayda city, declares halt to clashes - Al JazeeraSyria clears Bedouin fighters from Suwayda city, declares halt to clashes  Al Jazeera

Russia's Putin meets Syrian FM in Moscow, Sharaa invited to Russia-Arab summit - ReutersRussia's Putin meets Syrian FM in Moscow, Sharaa invited to Russia-Arab summit  Reuters

Syria, Israel hold talks in Paris over conflict in southern Syria’s Suwayda - Al JazeeraSyria, Israel hold talks in Paris over conflict in southern Syria’s Suwayda  Al Jazeera

Syria evacuates Bedouins from clashes-hit Suwayda as shaky ceasefire holds - Al JazeeraSyria evacuates Bedouins from clashes-hit Suwayda as shaky ceasefire holds  Al Jazeera

Trump's alliance with Erdogan shaken by Syria & F-35 standoff - WIONTrump's alliance with Erdogan shaken by Syria & F-35 standoff  WION

Türkiye launches first natural gas exports to Syria through Azerbaijan pipeline - Türkiye TodayTürkiye launches first natural gas exports to Syria through Azerbaijan pipeline  Türkiye Today

Türkiye 3RP - Regional Refugee and Resilience Plan in Response to the Syria Crisis 2025 Update - ReliefWebTürkiye 3RP - Regional Refugee and Resilience Plan in Response to the Syria Crisis 2025 Update  ReliefWeb

Syrian FM meets Putin and Lavrov, in first Russia visit since fall of Assad regime - The Times of IsraelSyrian FM meets Putin and Lavrov, in first Russia visit since fall of Assad regime  The Times of Israel

Destabilizing the periphery: Israel’s role in Syria’s escalating crisis | Daily Sabah - Daily SabahDestabilizing the periphery: Israel’s role in Syria’s escalating crisis | Daily Sabah  Daily Sabah

More than 1,400 killed in sectarian violence in coastal Syria, report finds - Al JazeeraMore than 1,400 killed in sectarian violence in coastal Syria, report finds  Al Jazeera

Do the Suwayda Clashes in Syria Signal Future Clashes Between the Kurds and the New Syrian Regime? - The Jamestown FoundationDo the Suwayda Clashes in Syria Signal Future Clashes Between the Kurds and the New Syrian Regime?  The Jamestown Foundation

World News in Brief: Violence spurs displacement in Syria, Israeli military moves in Lebanon, mall fire kills dozens in Iraq - UN NewsWorld News in Brief: Violence spurs displacement in Syria, Israeli military moves in Lebanon, mall fire kills dozens in Iraq  UN News

Israel's Druze organise aid for violence-hit Syria community - Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha (BSS)Israel's Druze organise aid for violence-hit Syria community  Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha (BSS)

Azerbaijan and Syria explore potential projects - Latest news from AzerbaijanAzerbaijan and Syria explore potential projects  Latest news from Azerbaijan

Turkey to start providing Syria with natural gas on August 2, minister says - ReutersTurkey to start providing Syria with natural gas on August 2, minister says  Reuters

Syria forms committee to investigate deadly Sweida violence - Libyan ExpressSyria forms committee to investigate deadly Sweida violence  Libyan Express

World reacts to Israeli attacks on Syria’s Damascus - Al JazeeraWorld reacts to Israeli attacks on Syria’s Damascus  Al Jazeera

In the Golan Heights, Druze are loyal to Syria. But that loyalty is now severely tested - NPRIn the Golan Heights, Druze are loyal to Syria. But that loyalty is now severely tested  NPR

Putin discusses Syria and Iran in phone call with Netanyahu - The Times of IsraelPutin discusses Syria and Iran in phone call with Netanyahu  The Times of Israel

Jordan: Two gunmen killed after foiling attempt to cross from Syria - ????? ????? ???????Jordan: Two gunmen killed after foiling attempt to cross from Syria  ????? ????? ???????

Azerbaijan to send 1.2 billion cubic meters of gas to Syria annually via Turkey: report - Turkish MinuteAzerbaijan to send 1.2 billion cubic meters of gas to Syria annually via Turkey: report  Turkish Minute

Syria: Authorities must investigate abductions of Alawite women and girls - Amnesty InternationalSyria: Authorities must investigate abductions of Alawite women and girls  Amnesty International

Syria: Deadly sectarian violence displaces thousands in Sweida; healthcare attacked - UN NewsSyria: Deadly sectarian violence displaces thousands in Sweida; healthcare attacked  UN News

Israeli military operation in Syria ‘not helpful,’ US envoy says - JNS.orgIsraeli military operation in Syria ‘not helpful,’ US envoy says  JNS.org

Syria forms panel to probe Druze-Sunni communal clashes in Sweida - FirstpostSyria forms panel to probe Druze-Sunni communal clashes in Sweida  Firstpost

Russia and Syria Signal Closer Ties Amid Uncertainty Over Military Bases - The Moscow TimesRussia and Syria Signal Closer Ties Amid Uncertainty Over Military Bases  The Moscow Times

Israeli forces kidnap three Syrians in Quneitra - The New ArabIsraeli forces kidnap three Syrians in Quneitra  The New Arab

Russia Is Committed to Supporting Syria’s Rebuilding, Putin Says - Bloomberg.comRussia Is Committed to Supporting Syria’s Rebuilding, Putin Says  Bloomberg.com

Bridge of fire and hope—Why Azerbaijan’s gas supply to Syria marks turning point [ANALYSIS] - AzerNewsBridge of fire and hope—Why Azerbaijan’s gas supply to Syria marks turning point [ANALYSIS]  AzerNews

Blast in Syria’s Idlib province kills at least four people - Al JazeeraBlast in Syria’s Idlib province kills at least four people  Al Jazeera

Trump Reserves Harshest Tariff Rates for Laos, Myanmar and Syria - Bloomberg.comTrump Reserves Harshest Tariff Rates for Laos, Myanmar and Syria  Bloomberg.com

Understanding the violence against Alawites and Druze in Syria after Assad - The ConversationUnderstanding the violence against Alawites and Druze in Syria after Assad  The Conversation

Gonzalo Vargas Llosa | What next for Syria’s refugees (S11-E1) - Welcome to the United NationsGonzalo Vargas Llosa | What next for Syria’s refugees (S11-E1)  Welcome to the United Nations

Jordanian army says it killed two armed people after ‘foiled infiltration attempt’ from Syria - The Times of IsraelJordanian army says it killed two armed people after ‘foiled infiltration attempt’ from Syria  The Times of Israel

How Syrian attackers killed: One hand on the gun, another on the camera - ReutersHow Syrian attackers killed: One hand on the gun, another on the camera  Reuters

Balancing Fairness and Stability in Syria’s Political Transition - New Lines MagazineBalancing Fairness and Stability in Syria’s Political Transition  New Lines Magazine

ISIS Militant Sentenced to Life for Role in Burning Pilot Alive in Syria - The New York TimesISIS Militant Sentenced to Life for Role in Burning Pilot Alive in Syria  The New York Times

ISIS exploits Syria’s chaos, threatens comeback - ????? ????? ???????ISIS exploits Syria’s chaos, threatens comeback  ????? ????? ???????

Syria: UN chief urges de-escalation as Sweida violence escalates, Israel strikes Damascus - UN NewsSyria: UN chief urges de-escalation as Sweida violence escalates, Israel strikes Damascus  UN News

Turkey starts first shipments of natural gas from Azerbaijan to Syria - MSNTurkey starts first shipments of natural gas from Azerbaijan to Syria  MSN

Syria to increase daily electricity supply as Azerbaijani gas starts flowing via Türkiye - AnewZSyria to increase daily electricity supply as Azerbaijani gas starts flowing via Türkiye  AnewZ

Almost 600 killed in south Syria violence, monitoring group says - BBCAlmost 600 killed in south Syria violence, monitoring group says  BBC

Escalating unrest in Syria lays bare new regime’s momentous challenges - theguardian.comEscalating unrest in Syria lays bare new regime’s momentous challenges  theguardian.com

Five questions (and expert answers) about Israel’s strikes against Syria - Atlantic CouncilFive questions (and expert answers) about Israel’s strikes against Syria  Atlantic Council

Why did Israel bomb Syria? A look at the Druze and the violence in Suwayda - Al JazeeraWhy did Israel bomb Syria? A look at the Druze and the violence in Suwayda  Al Jazeera

Syria’s Bedouin clans withdraw from Druze city of Suwayda - Al JazeeraSyria’s Bedouin clans withdraw from Druze city of Suwayda  Al Jazeera

New legal action launched against Syria’s Assad after French court ruling - RFINew legal action launched against Syria’s Assad after French court ruling  RFI

Syria to deploy forces as more Bedouin-Druze clashes erupt in Suwayda - Al JazeeraSyria to deploy forces as more Bedouin-Druze clashes erupt in Suwayda  Al Jazeera

Replacing Iran with Turkey Is a Recipe for Disaster in Syria - Foundation for Defense of DemocraciesReplacing Iran with Turkey Is a Recipe for Disaster in Syria  Foundation for Defense of Democracies

Syria: Second convoy brings critical aid to Sweida - UN NewsSyria: Second convoy brings critical aid to Sweida  UN News

Qatar to Fund More Gas For Syria to Boost Power Output - Bloomberg.comQatar to Fund More Gas For Syria to Boost Power Output  Bloomberg.com

Syria after Assad: Consequences and interim authorities 2025 - The House of Commons LibrarySyria after Assad: Consequences and interim authorities 2025  The House of Commons Library

Jordan says two armed people killed after ‘infiltration attempt’ through border with Syria - Al Arabiya EnglishJordan says two armed people killed after ‘infiltration attempt’ through border with Syria  Al Arabiya English

Syria: Bedouins tell BBC they could return to fighting Druze - BBCSyria: Bedouins tell BBC they could return to fighting Druze  BBC

Pentagon voices concern over armed extremist groups operating outside Syrian government control - Syriac PressPentagon voices concern over armed extremist groups operating outside Syrian government control  Syriac Press