Russia

Country Russia
Capital Moscow
Continent Asia
Currency Russian ruble(RUB)
Languages Russian

Information

Introduction

Founded in the 12th century, the Principality of Muscovy, was able to emerge from over 200 years of Mongol domination (13th-15th centuries) and to gradually conquer and absorb surrounding principalities. In the early 17th century, a new Romanov Dynasty continued this policy of expansion across Siberia to the Pacific. Under PETER I (ruled 1682-1725), hegemony was extended to the Baltic Sea and the country was renamed the Russian Empire. During the 19th century, more territorial acquisitions were made in Europe and Asia. Defeat in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05 contributed to the Revolution of 1905, which resulted in the formation of a parliament and other reforms. Repeated devastating defeats of the Russian army in World War I led to widespread rioting in the major cities of the Russian Empire and to the overthrow in 1917 of the imperial household. The Communists under Vladimir LENIN seized power soon after and formed the USSR. The brutal rule of Iosif STALIN (1928-53) strengthened Communist rule and Russian dominance of the Soviet Union at a cost of tens of millions of lives. The Soviet economy and society stagnated in the following decades until General Secretary Mikhail GORBACHEV (1985-91) introduced glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in an attempt to modernize Communism, but his initiatives inadvertently released forces that by December 1991 splintered the USSR into Russia and 14 other independent republics. Since then, Russia has shifted its post-Soviet democratic ambitions in favor of a centralized semi-authoritarian state whose legitimacy is buttressed, in part, by carefully managed national elections, former President PUTIN's genuine popularity, and the prudent management of Russia's windfall energy wealth. Russia has severely disabled a Chechen rebel movement, although violence still occurs throughout the North Caucasus.

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References

Russia - Wikipedia
Russia - CIA World Fact Book
Russia - BBC
Russia - National Geographic
Russia - Timeline - BBC

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Russian satellite at centre of nuclear weapons allegations is spinning out of control, analysts say - The GuardianRussian satellite at centre of nuclear weapons allegations is spinning out of control, analysts say  The Guardian

Trump calls for Ukraine and Russia to meet for 'very high level' talks, says they are close to deal - AP NewsTrump calls for Ukraine and Russia to meet for 'very high level' talks, says they are close to deal  AP News

Russia-Ukraine war: List of key events, day 1,157 - Al JazeeraRussia-Ukraine war: List of key events, day 1,157  Al Jazeera

After Clash With Zelensky, Trump Says 'Crimea Will Stay With Russia' - NDTVAfter Clash With Zelensky, Trump Says 'Crimea Will Stay With Russia'  NDTV

Russia confirms India’s plan to attack Pakistan amid Pahalgam rage? Huge warning - Hindustan TimesRussia confirms India’s plan to attack Pakistan amid Pahalgam rage? Huge warning  Hindustan Times

CIA official’s son killed fighting with Russian army in Ukraine - The Washington PostCIA official’s son killed fighting with Russian army in Ukraine  The Washington Post

Russia keeps key rate on hold, braces for global turbulence - ReutersRussia keeps key rate on hold, braces for global turbulence  Reuters

Russia tests U.S. patience as Trump rushes to clinch Ukraine peace deal in first 100 days in office - CNBCRussia tests U.S. patience as Trump rushes to clinch Ukraine peace deal in first 100 days in office  CNBC

Trump calls his promise to end the Russia-Ukraine war on Day One 'an exaggeration' - NBC NewsTrump calls his promise to end the Russia-Ukraine war on Day One 'an exaggeration'  NBC News

'Crimea will stay with Russia,' says Donald Trump in new pressure tactic on Ukraine - Times of India'Crimea will stay with Russia,' says Donald Trump in new pressure tactic on Ukraine  Times of India

Russia and Ukraine 'very close to a deal', says Donald Trump - BBCRussia and Ukraine 'very close to a deal', says Donald Trump  BBC

Trump says Russia-Ukraine deal 'very close' after new Kremlin talks - The Economic TimesTrump says Russia-Ukraine deal 'very close' after new Kremlin talks  The Economic Times

Russia blames Ukraine for car bombing that killed top general near Moscow - France 24Russia blames Ukraine for car bombing that killed top general near Moscow  France 24

How Zelensky Responded To Trump's Demand Of Ceding Crimea To Russia - NDTVHow Zelensky Responded To Trump's Demand Of Ceding Crimea To Russia  NDTV

Trump says Russia and Ukraine ‘very close to deal’ after Witkoff meets Putin - CNNTrump says Russia and Ukraine ‘very close to deal’ after Witkoff meets Putin  CNN

Video: Russian general Yaroslav Moskalik killed in car blast near Moscow - Times of IndiaVideo: Russian general Yaroslav Moskalik killed in car blast near Moscow  Times of India

Trump Pressures Ukraine to Accept a Peace Plan That Sharply Favors Russia - The New York TimesTrump Pressures Ukraine to Accept a Peace Plan That Sharply Favors Russia  The New York Times

Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, April 25, 2025 - Institute for the Study of WarRussian Offensive Campaign Assessment, April 25, 2025  Institute for the Study of War

Ukraine war briefing: Trump says peace deal ‘very close’ and meets Zelenskyy in Rome - The GuardianUkraine war briefing: Trump says peace deal ‘very close’ and meets Zelenskyy in Rome  The Guardian

Russia claims progress in Ukraine talks as US envoy meets Putin - Al JazeeraRussia claims progress in Ukraine talks as US envoy meets Putin  Al Jazeera

Senior Russian general killed by car bomb in Moscow - BBCSenior Russian general killed by car bomb in Moscow  BBC

Iran to sign $4bn oilfields deal with Russia in bid to bolster ties - Al JazeeraIran to sign $4bn oilfields deal with Russia in bid to bolster ties  Al Jazeera

Son of CIA deputy director was killed while fighting for Russia, report says - The GuardianSon of CIA deputy director was killed while fighting for Russia, report says  The Guardian

Russia kills 5 people in Ukraine as US envoy Witkoff arrives in Moscow - Al JazeeraRussia kills 5 people in Ukraine as US envoy Witkoff arrives in Moscow  Al Jazeera

Russia-Ukraine war: List of key events, day 1,156 - Al JazeeraRussia-Ukraine war: List of key events, day 1,156  Al Jazeera

Car bomb kills senior Russian General Yaroslav Moskalik near Moscow - Al JazeeraCar bomb kills senior Russian General Yaroslav Moskalik near Moscow  Al Jazeera

The risks of recognizing Russia's annexation of Crimea - DWThe risks of recognizing Russia's annexation of Crimea  DW

Trump says 'Crimea will stay with Russia' as he seeks end to war in Ukraine - The Economic TimesTrump says 'Crimea will stay with Russia' as he seeks end to war in Ukraine  The Economic Times

‘Crimea will stay with Russia,’ Trump tells Time - politico.eu‘Crimea will stay with Russia,’ Trump tells Time  politico.eu

Trump says Ukraine deal close after envoy Witkoff meets Putin - ReutersTrump says Ukraine deal close after envoy Witkoff meets Putin  Reuters

Senior Russian General Killed In Car Explosion Near Moscow - NDTVSenior Russian General Killed In Car Explosion Near Moscow  NDTV

Trump says Russia, Ukraine are ‘very close to a deal’ and urges the 2 sides to meet soon - politico.euTrump says Russia, Ukraine are ‘very close to a deal’ and urges the 2 sides to meet soon  politico.eu

UK bans video game controller exports to Russia used to pilot drones - BBCUK bans video game controller exports to Russia used to pilot drones  BBC

Putin says Russia should use trade war opportunities to strengthen economy - ReutersPutin says Russia should use trade war opportunities to strengthen economy  Reuters

Trump plan to let Russia keep Ukraine land ‘set in stone’ - The TimesTrump plan to let Russia keep Ukraine land ‘set in stone’  The Times

Cash bonus for a year fighting Russia? Inside Ukraine's youth recruitment drive - ReutersCash bonus for a year fighting Russia? Inside Ukraine's youth recruitment drive  Reuters

Why did Putin’s Russia invade Ukraine and does he want to get rid of Zelensky? - BBCWhy did Putin’s Russia invade Ukraine and does he want to get rid of Zelensky?  BBC

A Russian general was killed by a car bomb just outside Moscow - AP NewsA Russian general was killed by a car bomb just outside Moscow  AP News

Ukraine war: Putin suggests Russia open to direct talks with Kyiv, as strikes continue - BBCUkraine war: Putin suggests Russia open to direct talks with Kyiv, as strikes continue  BBC

‘I haven’t slept for two days’: Kharkiv residents reel from Russian attacks - The Guardian‘I haven’t slept for two days’: Kharkiv residents reel from Russian attacks  The Guardian

Kyiv hit by deadly Russian missile and drone attack - officials - BBCKyiv hit by deadly Russian missile and drone attack - officials  BBC

Russia-Ukraine updates: Trump tells Putin ‘stop’ after deadly Kyiv attacks - Al JazeeraRussia-Ukraine updates: Trump tells Putin ‘stop’ after deadly Kyiv attacks  Al Jazeera

Ukraine, Russia 'very close to a deal,' Trump says. - The Kyiv IndependentUkraine, Russia 'very close to a deal,' Trump says.  The Kyiv Independent

Video shows Russia’s deadliest attack on Kyiv in months - CNNVideo shows Russia’s deadliest attack on Kyiv in months  CNN

Senior Russian military personnel killed in targeted car bombing - Times of IndiaSenior Russian military personnel killed in targeted car bombing  Times of India

Russian general killed by a car bomb just outside Moscow - Times of IndiaRussian general killed by a car bomb just outside Moscow  Times of India

Trump writes ‘Vladimir, STOP!’ after Russia launches deadliest strikes on Kyiv since last summer - CNNTrump writes ‘Vladimir, STOP!’ after Russia launches deadliest strikes on Kyiv since last summer  CNN

Putin and Witkoff meet in Kremlin after car bomb kills Russian general near Moscow – as it happened - The GuardianPutin and Witkoff meet in Kremlin after car bomb kills Russian general near Moscow – as it happened  The Guardian

Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, April 24, 2025 - Institute for the Study of WarRussian Offensive Campaign Assessment, April 24, 2025  Institute for the Study of War

Trump attacks Zelensky over possibility of Crimea going to Russia - BBCTrump attacks Zelensky over possibility of Crimea going to Russia  BBC

Car bomb outside Moscow kills Russian lieutenant general - Al JazeeraCar bomb outside Moscow kills Russian lieutenant general  Al Jazeera

Trump says he is 'not happy' with deadly Russian strikes on Kyiv - BBCTrump says he is 'not happy' with deadly Russian strikes on Kyiv  BBC

Why Zelensky can't and won't give up Crimea - BBCWhy Zelensky can't and won't give up Crimea  BBC

US Eyes Post-War Joint Business With Russia in Energy, Metals - Bloomberg.comUS Eyes Post-War Joint Business With Russia in Energy, Metals  Bloomberg.com

Trump makes rare criticism of Putin after Russia’s deadly Kyiv attacks - Al JazeeraTrump makes rare criticism of Putin after Russia’s deadly Kyiv attacks  Al Jazeera

Trump slams Zelensky for refusing to recognize Russian control of Crimea - CNNTrump slams Zelensky for refusing to recognize Russian control of Crimea  CNN

Ukraine war latest: Russian general killed in Moscow car bomb; Kremlin reveals details of Putin-Witkoff meeting - Sky NewsUkraine war latest: Russian general killed in Moscow car bomb; Kremlin reveals details of Putin-Witkoff meeting  Sky News

Ukraine: All smiles as Vladimir Putin meets Donald's Trump's envoy - BBCUkraine: All smiles as Vladimir Putin meets Donald's Trump's envoy  BBC

Trump adamant about Russia keeping Ukraine's land but flexible on formal Crimea recognition, Times reports - The Kyiv IndependentTrump adamant about Russia keeping Ukraine's land but flexible on formal Crimea recognition, Times reports  The Kyiv Independent

From ammunition to ballistic missiles: how North Korea arms Russia in the Ukraine war - The GuardianFrom ammunition to ballistic missiles: how North Korea arms Russia in the Ukraine war  The Guardian

Russian general killed in car bomb: How pro-Kremlin officials are being assassinated in broad daylight - FirstpostRussian general killed in car bomb: How pro-Kremlin officials are being assassinated in broad daylight  Firstpost

Donald Trump says ‘Crimea will stay with Russia’; dismisses Ukraine joining NATO - Hindustan TimesDonald Trump says ‘Crimea will stay with Russia’; dismisses Ukraine joining NATO  Hindustan Times

Iran, Russia agree on 55 bcm of gas supplies, nuclear plant funding - ReutersIran, Russia agree on 55 bcm of gas supplies, nuclear plant funding  Reuters

Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, April 23, 2025 - Institute for the Study of WarRussian Offensive Campaign Assessment, April 23, 2025  Institute for the Study of War

Russia Drills Oil Wells at Fastest Pace in 5 Years as Curbs Ease - Bloomberg.comRussia Drills Oil Wells at Fastest Pace in 5 Years as Curbs Ease  Bloomberg.com

Ukraine war latest: Russian general killed in Moscow car bomb; Kremlin reveals details of Putin-Witkoff meeting - Sky NewsUkraine war latest: Russian general killed in Moscow car bomb; Kremlin reveals details of Putin-Witkoff meeting  Sky News

Video shows moment of car blast that killed Russian general - CNNVideo shows moment of car blast that killed Russian general  CNN

Ukraine war latest: Russian general killed in Moscow car bomb; Trump says Crimea 'will stay with Russia' - Sky NewsUkraine war latest: Russian general killed in Moscow car bomb; Trump says Crimea 'will stay with Russia'  Sky News

Trump calls for Russia-Ukraine summit "to finish it off" - AxiosTrump calls for Russia-Ukraine summit "to finish it off"  Axios

Ukraine hit by another night of deadly Russian strikes despite Trump’s ‘Vladimir, STOP!’ plea - CNNUkraine hit by another night of deadly Russian strikes despite Trump’s ‘Vladimir, STOP!’ plea  CNN

Ukraine and Russia report fighting as 'Easter truce' ends - BBCUkraine and Russia report fighting as 'Easter truce' ends  BBC

Ukraine may need to temporarily give up territory to Russia for peace, Klitschko says - The Kyiv IndependentUkraine may need to temporarily give up territory to Russia for peace, Klitschko says  The Kyiv Independent

Russia has spent centuries fighting for Crimea, but Zelenskyy wants it too - Australian Broadcasting CorporationRussia has spent centuries fighting for Crimea, but Zelenskyy wants it too  Australian Broadcasting Corporation

Trump: Russia and Ukraine ‘very close’ to ceasefire deal, they need to ‘finish it off’ - The Times of IsraelTrump: Russia and Ukraine ‘very close’ to ceasefire deal, they need to ‘finish it off’  The Times of Israel

Do Americans support Trump’s attitudes to Ukraine and Russia? Here’s what recent data shows - The ConversationDo Americans support Trump’s attitudes to Ukraine and Russia? Here’s what recent data shows  The Conversation

Nuclear Power in Russia - World Nuclear AssociationNuclear Power in Russia  World Nuclear Association

A carve-up in gift wrapping: Trump’s peace plan puts the sacrifice on Ukraine - The GuardianA carve-up in gift wrapping: Trump’s peace plan puts the sacrifice on Ukraine  The Guardian

After Pressuring Ukraine for Peace Deal, Trump Finally Sees Obstacle in Russia - WSJAfter Pressuring Ukraine for Peace Deal, Trump Finally Sees Obstacle in Russia  WSJ

Russian strike on Kyiv kills at least 12 in biggest attack on Ukrainian capital since last summer - AP NewsRussian strike on Kyiv kills at least 12 in biggest attack on Ukrainian capital since last summer  AP News

Death, debris and anger about Trump after Russia’s strike on Kyiv - Al JazeeraDeath, debris and anger about Trump after Russia’s strike on Kyiv  Al Jazeera

Secret Russian satellite linked to nuclear weapon program seems to malfunction, Reuters reports - The Kyiv IndependentSecret Russian satellite linked to nuclear weapon program seems to malfunction, Reuters reports  The Kyiv Independent

Russians are still traveling around Europe despite sanctions. Not everyone’s happy about it - CNNRussians are still traveling around Europe despite sanctions. Not everyone’s happy about it  CNN

Donald Trump’s move on Russia-occupied Crimea forces Europe to choose sides - Financial TimesDonald Trump’s move on Russia-occupied Crimea forces Europe to choose sides  Financial Times

Russian satellite linked to space weapon programme appears to malfunction in orbit - France 24Russian satellite linked to space weapon programme appears to malfunction in orbit  France 24

Ukraine has no great options if Trump recognizes Crimea as Russian - The Kyiv IndependentUkraine has no great options if Trump recognizes Crimea as Russian  The Kyiv Independent

On Crimea and Russia Sanctions Relief, Congress Has Leverage - Foundation for Defense of DemocraciesOn Crimea and Russia Sanctions Relief, Congress Has Leverage  Foundation for Defense of Democracies

Trump envoy meets Putin hours after Moscow killing of Russian general - The GuardianTrump envoy meets Putin hours after Moscow killing of Russian general  The Guardian

Top Russian general killed in Moscow as U.S. envoy talks with Putin - The Washington PostTop Russian general killed in Moscow as U.S. envoy talks with Putin  The Washington Post

Russia launches huge attack on Kyiv while Trump squeezes Zelenskyy - politico.euRussia launches huge attack on Kyiv while Trump squeezes Zelenskyy  politico.eu

Donald Trump says Russia and Ukraine are 'very close to a deal' - and says 'two sides should now meet' - Sky NewsDonald Trump says Russia and Ukraine are 'very close to a deal' - and says 'two sides should now meet'  Sky News

CIA official's son killed while fighting in Ukraine, spy agency says - NBC NewsCIA official's son killed while fighting in Ukraine, spy agency says  NBC News

Ukraine will have to give way on some issues, Polish president says - Euronews.comUkraine will have to give way on some issues, Polish president says  Euronews.com

Car bomb kills senior Russian general in Moscow - NBC NewsCar bomb kills senior Russian general in Moscow  NBC News

Trump says Russia made 'big concession' by not seizing all of Ukraine - Euronews.comTrump says Russia made 'big concession' by not seizing all of Ukraine  Euronews.com

Trump says he has ‘no allegiance’ in Russia-Ukraine war and his own deadline on peace deal – as it happened - The GuardianTrump says he has ‘no allegiance’ in Russia-Ukraine war and his own deadline on peace deal – as it happened  The Guardian

Trump says Russia has shown willingness for peace by not taking over all of Ukraine, calls it 'pretty big concession' - The Kyiv IndependentTrump says Russia has shown willingness for peace by not taking over all of Ukraine, calls it 'pretty big concession'  The Kyiv Independent

Vitali Klitschko: What would it mean for Ukraine to temporarily give up land? - BBCVitali Klitschko: What would it mean for Ukraine to temporarily give up land?  BBC

Zelensky: We would like a 'common understanding that Russia is the aggressor,' not Ukraine - The Kyiv IndependentZelensky: We would like a 'common understanding that Russia is the aggressor,' not Ukraine  The Kyiv Independent

Europe panics as US-Russia talks on Ukraine race ahead without them - Financial TimesEurope panics as US-Russia talks on Ukraine race ahead without them  Financial Times

Daria Kasatkina: ‘If I wanted to live a free, open life I couldn’t do it in Russia’ - The GuardianDaria Kasatkina: ‘If I wanted to live a free, open life I couldn’t do it in Russia’  The Guardian