Rwanda

Country Rwanda
Capital Kigali
Continent Africa
Currency Rwandan franc(RWF)
Languages Kinyarwanda, French & English

Information

Introduction

In 1959, three years before independence from Belgium, the majority ethnic group, the Hutus, overthrew the ruling Tutsi king. Over the next several years, thousands of Tutsis were killed, and some 150,000 driven into exile in neighboring countries. The children of these exiles later formed a rebel group, the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), and began a civil war in 1990. The war, along with several political and economic upheavals, exacerbated ethnic tensions, culminating in April 1994 in the genocide of roughly 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus. The Tutsi rebels defeated the Hutu regime and ended the killing in July 1994, but approximately 2 million Hutu refugees - many fearing Tutsi retribution - fled to neighboring Burundi, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zaire. Since then, most of the refugees have returned to Rwanda, but several thousand remained in the neighboring Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC; the former Zaire) and formed an extremist insurgency bent on retaking Rwanda, much as the RPF tried in 1990. Rwanda held its first local elections in 1999 and its first post-genocide presidential and legislative elections in 2003. Rwanda in 2009 staged a joint military operation with the Congolese Army in DRC to rout out the Hutu extremist insurgency there and Kigali and Kinshasa restored diplomatic relations. Rwanda also joined the Commonwealth in late 2009.

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References

Rwanda - Wikipedia
Rwanda - CIA World Fact Book
Rwanda - BBC
Rwanda - Timeline - BBC

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DRC says EU’s minerals deal with Rwanda is ‘obvious double standard’ - The GuardianDRC says EU’s minerals deal with Rwanda is ‘obvious double standard’  The Guardian

China’s Foreign Aid Strategy in Rwanda - The Borgen ProjectChina’s Foreign Aid Strategy in Rwanda  The Borgen Project

Rwanda, Ghanaian company forge new mining partnership| The New Times - The New TimesRwanda, Ghanaian company forge new mining partnership| The New Times  The New Times

RD Congo-Rwanda: ''Ni twebwe babiri dushobora guhagarika'' intambara - Tshikedi abwira Kagame - BBCRD Congo-Rwanda: ''Ni twebwe babiri dushobora guhagarika'' intambara - Tshikedi abwira Kagame  BBC

Report: Visit Rwanda in frame for sleeve sponsorship extension - Arseblog NewsReport: Visit Rwanda in frame for sleeve sponsorship extension  Arseblog News

IHS Towers completes sale of Rwanda operations to Paradigm consortium - Investing.comIHS Towers completes sale of Rwanda operations to Paradigm consortium  Investing.com

Rwanda, Jordan sign agreements on trade, investment| The New Times - The New TimesRwanda, Jordan sign agreements on trade, investment| The New Times  The New Times

Rwanda says the ball is in Tshisekedi's court to end DR Congo crisis| The New Times - The New TimesRwanda says the ball is in Tshisekedi's court to end DR Congo crisis| The New Times  The New Times

Murenzi to coach Rwanda at FIBA World Cup qualifiers| The New Times - The New TimesMurenzi to coach Rwanda at FIBA World Cup qualifiers| The New Times  The New Times

Ingabire Marie Immaculée wari 'impirimbanyi yo kurwanya ruswa' mu Rwanda yapfuye - BBCIngabire Marie Immaculée wari 'impirimbanyi yo kurwanya ruswa' mu Rwanda yapfuye  BBC

Rwanda Inflation Rate Slows for 3rd Month - TradingViewRwanda Inflation Rate Slows for 3rd Month  TradingView

IHS Towers Completes Sale of Rwanda Operations to Paradigm Tower Ventures Consortium - TechAfrica NewsIHS Towers Completes Sale of Rwanda Operations to Paradigm Tower Ventures Consortium  TechAfrica News

Congo's Tshisekedi calls on Rwanda to make peace as diplomacy stumbles - ReutersCongo's Tshisekedi calls on Rwanda to make peace as diplomacy stumbles  Reuters

IHS Towers completes sale of Rwanda tower business to Paradigm - Developing TelecomsIHS Towers completes sale of Rwanda tower business to Paradigm  Developing Telecoms

Iran, Rwanda align standards to boost trade cooperation - Tehran TimesIran, Rwanda align standards to boost trade cooperation  Tehran Times

Mozambique’s Reliance on Rwanda to Fight ISIS Militants Exposes a Governance Deficit - World Politics ReviewMozambique’s Reliance on Rwanda to Fight ISIS Militants Exposes a Governance Deficit  World Politics Review

The West Has Helped Paul Kagame to Pillage the Congo - JacobinThe West Has Helped Paul Kagame to Pillage the Congo  Jacobin

DR Congo's President Tshisekedi asks his Rwandan counterpart to make peace - Anadolu AjansiDR Congo's President Tshisekedi asks his Rwandan counterpart to make peace  Anadolu Ajansi

Rwanda genocide of 1994 | Summary, History, Date, Background, Deaths, & Facts - BritannicaRwanda genocide of 1994 | Summary, History, Date, Background, Deaths, & Facts  Britannica

Rwanda to Seek New Funded Program From IMF Next Year - Bloomberg.comRwanda to Seek New Funded Program From IMF Next Year  Bloomberg.com

Cycling Event Can’t Override Rwanda’s Abuses - Human Rights WatchCycling Event Can’t Override Rwanda’s Abuses  Human Rights Watch

DR Congo leader urges Rwanda's Kagame to 'make peace' in Brussels encounter - RFIDR Congo leader urges Rwanda's Kagame to 'make peace' in Brussels encounter  RFI

Rwandan coffee breaks record, rakes 14 times market price in global auction - Business Insider AfricaRwandan coffee breaks record, rakes 14 times market price in global auction  Business Insider Africa

IITA and Rwanda Agriculture Board join forces to advance maize seed systems - CGIARIITA and Rwanda Agriculture Board join forces to advance maize seed systems  CGIAR

IHS Towers completes sale of Rwanda operations to Paradigm Tower Ventures - TelecompaperIHS Towers completes sale of Rwanda operations to Paradigm Tower Ventures  Telecompaper

Rwanda Travel Advice & Safety - SmartravellerRwanda Travel Advice & Safety  Smartraveller

A bold doctor sent her kids away and helped beat one of the world's deadliest viruses - NPRA bold doctor sent her kids away and helped beat one of the world's deadliest viruses  NPR

Rwanda - Health, Welfare, Development - BritannicaRwanda - Health, Welfare, Development  Britannica

IHS Towers completes $274.5 million sale of Rwanda operations to Paradigm Tower Ventures - CondiaIHS Towers completes $274.5 million sale of Rwanda operations to Paradigm Tower Ventures  Condia

Rwanda Celebrates Completion of Smart Education Project and DigiTruck Launch - PR NewswireRwanda Celebrates Completion of Smart Education Project and DigiTruck Launch  PR Newswire

Rwanda - Ethnicity, Unity, Democracy - BritannicaRwanda - Ethnicity, Unity, Democracy  Britannica

DRC president calls for cooperation with Rwanda to end violence in Brussels speech - belganewsagency.euDRC president calls for cooperation with Rwanda to end violence in Brussels speech  belganewsagency.eu

EU’s $103 million push positions Rwanda as Africa’s next vaccine powerhouse - Business Insider AfricaEU’s $103 million push positions Rwanda as Africa’s next vaccine powerhouse  Business Insider Africa

Rwanda - Colonialism, Genocide, Reconciliation - BritannicaRwanda - Colonialism, Genocide, Reconciliation  Britannica

Rwanda - Reconciliation, Development, Unity - BritannicaRwanda - Reconciliation, Development, Unity  Britannica

Arsenal in discussions over extending Visit Rwanda sponsorship deal - The Athletic - The New York TimesArsenal in discussions over extending Visit Rwanda sponsorship deal - The Athletic  The New York Times

IHS Towers completes sale of Rwanda operations to Paradigm consortium - Investing.com IndiaIHS Towers completes sale of Rwanda operations to Paradigm consortium  Investing.com India

Rwanda - Cultural, Institutions, Heritage - BritannicaRwanda - Cultural, Institutions, Heritage  Britannica

Congo 'perplexed and disappointed' by EU inaction on Rwanda war - EUobserverCongo 'perplexed and disappointed' by EU inaction on Rwanda war  EUobserver

Exclusive: Congo, Rwanda eye October start to security measures under Trump-backed peace deal - ReutersExclusive: Congo, Rwanda eye October start to security measures under Trump-backed peace deal  Reuters

DRC President calls on Rwanda to make 'peace' during Brussels speech - The Brussels TimesDRC President calls on Rwanda to make 'peace' during Brussels speech  The Brussels Times

Rwanda vs Benin: a decisive clash in the race for the 2026 World Cup - Foot AfricaRwanda vs Benin: a decisive clash in the race for the 2026 World Cup  Foot Africa

2024 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Rwanda - U.S. Department of State (.gov)2024 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Rwanda  U.S. Department of State (.gov)

Discover Rwanda: The Story of Kwita Izina - CNBC AfricaDiscover Rwanda: The Story of Kwita Izina  CNBC Africa

IHS completes Rwanda tower sale to Paradigm Tower Ventures - Mobile EuropeIHS completes Rwanda tower sale to Paradigm Tower Ventures  Mobile Europe

Rwanda - Welcome to the United NationsRwanda  Welcome to the United Nations

Rwanda genocide of 1994 - Ethnic Conflict, Hutu-Tutsi, Massacres - BritannicaRwanda genocide of 1994 - Ethnic Conflict, Hutu-Tutsi, Massacres  Britannica

Rwanda genocide of 1994 - Aftermath, Reconciliation, Survivors - BritannicaRwanda genocide of 1994 - Aftermath, Reconciliation, Survivors  Britannica

Lacy Hubbard: Nearly 240,000 women screened for breast cancer in Rwanda - OncodailyLacy Hubbard: Nearly 240,000 women screened for breast cancer in Rwanda  Oncodaily

Joint Statement on the Second Meeting of the Joint Security Coordination Mechanism for the Peace Agreement between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Rwanda - U.S. Department of State (.gov)Joint Statement on the Second Meeting of the Joint Security Coordination Mechanism for the Peace Agreement between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Rwanda  U.S. Department of State (.gov)

International Day of Reflection on the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda - unesco.orgInternational Day of Reflection on the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda  unesco.org

How to watch Rwanda vs Benin on FIFA+ — it's *FREE* - Tom's GuideHow to watch Rwanda vs Benin on FIFA+ — it's *FREE*  Tom's Guide

Premier League club Arsenal in talks to extend Visit Rwanda deal - Sports Business JournalPremier League club Arsenal in talks to extend Visit Rwanda deal  Sports Business Journal

Inzozi Lotto Address License Termination in Rwanda, Shares Reasons - iGamingToday.comInzozi Lotto Address License Termination in Rwanda, Shares Reasons  iGamingToday.com

Marburg Virus Disease in Rwanda, 2024 — Public Health and Clinical Responses - The New England Journal of MedicineMarburg Virus Disease in Rwanda, 2024 — Public Health and Clinical Responses  The New England Journal of Medicine

DRC's Tshisekedi urges Rwanda's Kagame to 'make peace' in Brussels encounter - TRT FrançaisDRC's Tshisekedi urges Rwanda's Kagame to 'make peace' in Brussels encounter  TRT Français

Could the Rwandan Genocide Have Been Prevented? - Genocide WatchCould the Rwandan Genocide Have Been Prevented?  Genocide Watch

Are African countries aware of their own mineral wealth? Ghana and Rwanda offer two very different answers - The ConversationAre African countries aware of their own mineral wealth? Ghana and Rwanda offer two very different answers  The Conversation

DR Congo Leader Urges Rwanda's Kagame To 'Make Peace' In Brussels Encounter - Barron'sDR Congo Leader Urges Rwanda's Kagame To 'Make Peace' In Brussels Encounter  Barron's

Majestic Gorilla Treks & Ethical Safari Experiences in Rwanda, East and Southern Africa - Atta TravelMajestic Gorilla Treks & Ethical Safari Experiences in Rwanda, East and Southern Africa  Atta Travel

Rwanda Leverages Machine Learning and Satellite Imagery to Boost Precision Agriculture - Farmers Review AfricaRwanda Leverages Machine Learning and Satellite Imagery to Boost Precision Agriculture  Farmers Review Africa

DRC, Rwanda agree economic framework outline as part of peace deal - Al JazeeraDRC, Rwanda agree economic framework outline as part of peace deal  Al Jazeera

Turning point or pointless turn: Will DR Congo-Rwanda deal bring peace? - Al JazeeraTurning point or pointless turn: Will DR Congo-Rwanda deal bring peace?  Al Jazeera

Bafana player profiles for the FIFA World Cup qualifiers against Zimbabwe, Rwanda - South African Football AssociationBafana player profiles for the FIFA World Cup qualifiers against Zimbabwe, Rwanda  South African Football Association

DRC conditions economic agreement with Rwanda on troop withdrawal - Prensa Latina - Latin American News AgencyDRC conditions economic agreement with Rwanda on troop withdrawal  Prensa Latina - Latin American News Agency

30 LNP Officers Undergo Specialized Training in Rwanda - liberianobserver.com30 LNP Officers Undergo Specialized Training in Rwanda  liberianobserver.com

Armed militia kill hundreds in eastern DR Congo - UN NewsArmed militia kill hundreds in eastern DR Congo  UN News

Rwanda Expands Tourism and Aviation Sectors with New Air Service Agreements, Aiming to Double Passenger Numbers by 2028 - Travel And Tour WorldRwanda Expands Tourism and Aviation Sectors with New Air Service Agreements, Aiming to Double Passenger Numbers by 2028  Travel And Tour World

Submission to the Universal Periodic Review of Rwanda - Human Rights WatchSubmission to the Universal Periodic Review of Rwanda  Human Rights Watch

U.N. Accuses Rwanda-Backed Rebels of Slaughtering Children, Other Civilians in Congo - The Wall Street JournalU.N. Accuses Rwanda-Backed Rebels of Slaughtering Children, Other Civilians in Congo  The Wall Street Journal

DR Congo's M23 conflict: What is the fighting about and is Rwanda involved? - BBCDR Congo's M23 conflict: What is the fighting about and is Rwanda involved?  BBC

FIFA World Cup FIFAWCQ: Gernot Rohr Vows to Defend Top Spot as Benin Face Rwanda in Kigali - Africa Top SportsFIFA World Cup FIFAWCQ: Gernot Rohr Vows to Defend Top Spot as Benin Face Rwanda in Kigali  Africa Top Sports

Rwanda looks to solar cold storage to cut produce losses - FreshPlazaRwanda looks to solar cold storage to cut produce losses  FreshPlaza

What I learned about healing after surviving the Rwanda genocide - Women's AgendaWhat I learned about healing after surviving the Rwanda genocide  Women's Agenda

Security Council urges Rwanda to stop supporting M23 in eastern DR Congo - UN NewsSecurity Council urges Rwanda to stop supporting M23 in eastern DR Congo  UN News

U Rwanda na DR Congo byiyemeje 'ibikorwa bifatika' byo kurandura FDLR no 'gukuraho ingamba z'ubwirinzi' - BBCU Rwanda na DR Congo byiyemeje 'ibikorwa bifatika' byo kurandura FDLR no 'gukuraho ingamba z'ubwirinzi'  BBC

Houkes edges out Andrzejczak as Rwanda Open reaches quarterfinals| The New Times - The New TimesHoukes edges out Andrzejczak as Rwanda Open reaches quarterfinals| The New Times  The New Times

Bayern Munich end Rwanda sponsorship after pressure - DWBayern Munich end Rwanda sponsorship after pressure  DW

A Sample Grant Proposal on “Bright Schools: Solar Power for Education in Rwanda” - fundsforNGOsA Sample Grant Proposal on “Bright Schools: Solar Power for Education in Rwanda”  fundsforNGOs

DR Congo and Rwanda to sign peace agreement on June 27 - Al JazeeraDR Congo and Rwanda to sign peace agreement on June 27  Al Jazeera

Two countries signed a peace deal in Washington. On the ground, little has changed - CNNTwo countries signed a peace deal in Washington. On the ground, little has changed  CNN

CDC in Rwanda - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | CDC (.gov)CDC in Rwanda  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | CDC (.gov)

Rwanda’s image abroad: how western countries are beginning to turn their backs - The ConversationRwanda’s image abroad: how western countries are beginning to turn their backs  The Conversation

UN experts cast blame on Rwanda and Uganda. What are they doing in DRC? - Al JazeeraUN experts cast blame on Rwanda and Uganda. What are they doing in DRC?  Al Jazeera

DR Congo-Rwanda peace deal: How Trump wants US companies to cash in - BBCDR Congo-Rwanda peace deal: How Trump wants US companies to cash in  BBC

How to watch Rwanda v Benin: Live stream, kick-off time and head-to-head stats - Bet365How to watch Rwanda v Benin: Live stream, kick-off time and head-to-head stats  Bet365

The United States Hosts Signing of Declaration of Principles Between the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Government of Rwanda - U.S. Department of State (.gov)The United States Hosts Signing of Declaration of Principles Between the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Government of Rwanda  U.S. Department of State (.gov)

The DR Congo-Rwanda Deal: Now Comes the Hard Part - International Crisis GroupThe DR Congo-Rwanda Deal: Now Comes the Hard Part  International Crisis Group

Preview: Rwanda vs. Benin - prediction, team news, lineups - Sports MolePreview: Rwanda vs. Benin - prediction, team news, lineups  Sports Mole

Rwanda president unsure if DRC peace deal will hold, warns against ‘tricks’ - Al JazeeraRwanda president unsure if DRC peace deal will hold, warns against ‘tricks’  Al Jazeera

Hong Kong, Rwanda Sign Double Tax Agreement - Law360Hong Kong, Rwanda Sign Double Tax Agreement  Law360

Cycling world heads for Rwanda under a cloud of controversy after Vuelta chaos | Cycling Road World Championships - The GuardianCycling world heads for Rwanda under a cloud of controversy after Vuelta chaos | Cycling Road World Championships  The Guardian

Joint Statement on Peace Talks between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Rwanda, Mediated by the United States and Observed by the State of Qatar - U.S. Department of State (.gov)Joint Statement on Peace Talks between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Rwanda, Mediated by the United States and Observed by the State of Qatar  U.S. Department of State (.gov)

Critical Minerals, Fragile Peace: The DRC-Rwanda Deal and the Cost of Ignoring Root Causes - CSIS | Center for Strategic and International StudiesCritical Minerals, Fragile Peace: The DRC-Rwanda Deal and the Cost of Ignoring Root Causes  CSIS | Center for Strategic and International Studies

Rwanda-US migrant deal's first group of deportees arrive, says spokesperson - BBCRwanda-US migrant deal's first group of deportees arrive, says spokesperson  BBC

DR Congo, Rwanda agree to draft peace deal by May 2 - Al JazeeraDR Congo, Rwanda agree to draft peace deal by May 2  Al Jazeera

Conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo | Global Conflict Tracker - Council on Foreign RelationsConflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo | Global Conflict Tracker  Council on Foreign Relations

A Sample Grant Proposal on “Energy for Empowerment: Solar Generator Cooperatives in Rwanda” - fundsforNGOsA Sample Grant Proposal on “Energy for Empowerment: Solar Generator Cooperatives in Rwanda”  fundsforNGOs

UN reflects on the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda - UN NewsUN reflects on the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda  UN News

Arsenal in talks to extend Rwanda deal as Kroenke US team signs up - Daily CannonArsenal in talks to extend Rwanda deal as Kroenke US team signs up  Daily Cannon