Madagascar

Country Madagascar
Capital Antananarivo
Continent Africa
Currency Malagasy ariary(MGA)
Languages Malagasy & French

Antananarivo

Information

Introduction

Formerly an independent kingdom, Madagascar became a French colony in 1896 but regained independence in 1960. During 1992-93, free presidential and National Assembly elections were held ending 17 years of single-party rule. In 1997, in the second presidential race, Didier RATSIRAKA, the leader during the 1970s and 1980s, was returned to the presidency. The 2001 presidential election was contested between the followers of Didier RATSIRAKA and Marc RAVALOMANANA, nearly causing secession of half of the country. In April 2002, the High Constitutional Court announced RAVALOMANANA the winner. RAVALOMANANA achieved a second term following a landslide victory in the generally free and fair presidential elections of 2006. In early 2009, protests over increasing restrictions on opposition press and activities resulted in RAVALOMANANA stepping down and the presidency was conferred to the mayor of Antananarivo, Andry RAJOELINA. Following negotiations in July and August of 2009, a power-sharing agreement with a 15-month transitional period was established, but has not yet been implemented.

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References

Madagascar - Wikipedia
Madagascar - CIA World Fact Book
Madagascar - BBC
Madagascar - Timeline - BBC

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Madagascar | History, Population, Languages, Map, & Facts - BritannicaMadagascar | History, Population, Languages, Map, & Facts  Britannica

Building Climate Resilience in Madagascar: MIONJO Project with Government, World Bank & CRS - World BankBuilding Climate Resilience in Madagascar: MIONJO Project with Government, World Bank & CRS  World Bank

Madagascar sacks transport minister over Iran scandal - ch-aviationMadagascar sacks transport minister over Iran scandal  ch-aviation

Mauritania vs Madagascar: What time and channel is the CHAN 2024 showdown? - Foot AfricaMauritania vs Madagascar: What time and channel is the CHAN 2024 showdown?  Foot Africa

Republic of Madagascar: Second Review Under the Extend Credit Facility Arrangement, Request for Modification of Performance Criteria, Financing Assurances Review, and Second Review Under the Resilience and Sustainability Facility Arrangement-Press - International Monetary FundRepublic of Madagascar: Second Review Under the Extend Credit Facility Arrangement, Request for Modification of Performance Criteria, Financing Assurances Review, and Second Review Under the Resilience and Sustainability Facility Arrangement-Press  International Monetary Fund

Multiple bursts of speciation in Madagascar’s endangered lemurs - NatureMultiple bursts of speciation in Madagascar’s endangered lemurs  Nature

MATCH FACTS: Madagascar and Mauritania meet for the first time at TotalEnergies CAF CHAN - cafonline.comMATCH FACTS: Madagascar and Mauritania meet for the first time at TotalEnergies CAF CHAN  cafonline.com

How climate change is impacting adolescent mental health in Madagascar | D+C - Development + Cooperation - dandc.euHow climate change is impacting adolescent mental health in Madagascar | D+C - Development + Cooperation  dandc.eu

Tropical cyclones trigger malaria spikes in Madagascar - Gavi, the Vaccine AllianceTropical cyclones trigger malaria spikes in Madagascar  Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance

Rainforests of the Atsinanana in Madagascar removed from the list of World Heritage in Danger - International Union for Conservation of NatureRainforests of the Atsinanana in Madagascar removed from the list of World Heritage in Danger  International Union for Conservation of Nature

Madagascar’s Rainforests of the Atsinanana removed from UNESCO List of World Heritage in Danger - UNESCOMadagascar’s Rainforests of the Atsinanana removed from UNESCO List of World Heritage in Danger  UNESCO

Madagascar : Who is behind the company that registered five Boeings for Iran? - Africa IntelligenceMadagascar : Who is behind the company that registered five Boeings for Iran?  Africa Intelligence

Cycling in Madagascar: Scenic routes, tips, and more - NewsBytesCycling in Madagascar: Scenic routes, tips, and more  NewsBytes

The Republic of Madagascar signs the SADC Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency - SADCThe Republic of Madagascar signs the SADC Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency  SADC

Madagascar - European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid OperationsMadagascar  European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations

AFRICA/RWANDA - The 20th Plenary Assembly of the Symposium of the Episcopal Conferences of Africa and Madagascar (SECAM) opens - Agenzia FidesAFRICA/RWANDA - The 20th Plenary Assembly of the Symposium of the Episcopal Conferences of Africa and Madagascar (SECAM) opens  Agenzia Fides

Wildlife crime court cases in Madagascar - Wildlife Trade Report from TRAFFIC - Traffic.orgWildlife crime court cases in Madagascar - Wildlife Trade Report from TRAFFIC  Traffic.org

Inclusive climate-resilient rice farming takes center stage in Madagascar - Milling Middle East & AfricaInclusive climate-resilient rice farming takes center stage in Madagascar  Milling Middle East & Africa

In Madagascar, an unstable climate is putting the vaccine cold chain to the test - Gavi, the Vaccine AllianceIn Madagascar, an unstable climate is putting the vaccine cold chain to the test  Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance

Madagascar - Tropical, Humid, Rainforest - BritannicaMadagascar - Tropical, Humid, Rainforest  Britannica

Madagascar hosts vibrant and colourful 15th Africa Scout Day celebration - WOSMMadagascar hosts vibrant and colourful 15th Africa Scout Day celebration  WOSM

Acting before the crisis: roadmap for more effective anticipatory action in Madagascar - nrc.noActing before the crisis: roadmap for more effective anticipatory action in Madagascar  nrc.no

Madagascar: Authorities fail to protect and assist Antandroy people displaced by climate-exacerbated droughts – new report - Amnesty InternationalMadagascar: Authorities fail to protect and assist Antandroy people displaced by climate-exacerbated droughts – new report  Amnesty International

Powering Madagascar's future: Unleashing private investment to achieve energy goals - World Bank BlogsPowering Madagascar's future: Unleashing private investment to achieve energy goals  World Bank Blogs

Art and Soul: Inside Madagascar’s Burgeoning Creative Scene - VogueArt and Soul: Inside Madagascar’s Burgeoning Creative Scene  Vogue

Iran imports five B777s via purported Malagasy start-up - ch-aviationIran imports five B777s via purported Malagasy start-up  ch-aviation

SECAM's 20th Plenary Assembly begins in Kigali - Vatican NewsSECAM's 20th Plenary Assembly begins in Kigali  Vatican News

Drone-borne vaccines make landfall in southwestern Madagascar - Gavi, the Vaccine AllianceDrone-borne vaccines make landfall in southwestern Madagascar  Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance

Africa’s Catholic Bishops discuss 2025-2050 pastoral vision - Vatican NewsAfrica’s Catholic Bishops discuss 2025-2050 pastoral vision  Vatican News

2025 News items - Madagascar launches safeguard investigation on tomato products - World Trade Organization2025 News items - Madagascar launches safeguard investigation on tomato products  World Trade Organization

State-of-the-art laboratory enhances Madagascar’s polio response - WHO | Regional Office for AfricaState-of-the-art laboratory enhances Madagascar’s polio response  WHO | Regional Office for Africa

Madagascar Economic Update: Bridging the Productivity Divide - World BankMadagascar Economic Update: Bridging the Productivity Divide  World Bank

Madagascar National Day - U.S. Department of State (.gov)Madagascar National Day  U.S. Department of State (.gov)

Multimillion-dollar GBFF project to target conservation of Madagascar’s threatened species - International Union for Conservation of NatureMultimillion-dollar GBFF project to target conservation of Madagascar’s threatened species  International Union for Conservation of Nature

Madagascar highway pushes on through controversy - MongabayMadagascar highway pushes on through controversy  Mongabay

Madagascar: Improving Infrastructure Resilience to Reduce Climate-Related Economic Losses - UNDRRMadagascar: Improving Infrastructure Resilience to Reduce Climate-Related Economic Losses  UNDRR

Madagascar - Catholic Relief Services | CRSMadagascar  Catholic Relief Services | CRS

Deep in the forests of Madagascar, an almost unvisited national park ‘feels like an ark’ - Financial TimesDeep in the forests of Madagascar, an almost unvisited national park ‘feels like an ark’  Financial Times

Global demand for Madagascar's unique plants fuels unsustainable harvesting - Traffic.orgGlobal demand for Madagascar's unique plants fuels unsustainable harvesting  Traffic.org

Bringing Light and Life to Rural Health Centers in Madagascar - World BankBringing Light and Life to Rural Health Centers in Madagascar  World Bank

Korea Inspires Green Digital Futures for Mozambique and Madagascar - World BankKorea Inspires Green Digital Futures for Mozambique and Madagascar  World Bank

ALBATROSS Project Field Officer (Madagascar) - UNESCOALBATROSS Project Field Officer (Madagascar)  UNESCO

Global Operation Successfully Returns Almost 1000 Vulnerable and Endangered Animals to Madagascar - United Nations Office on Drugs and CrimeGlobal Operation Successfully Returns Almost 1000 Vulnerable and Endangered Animals to Madagascar  United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

Bridging the Productivity Divide in Madagascar - World BankBridging the Productivity Divide in Madagascar  World Bank

Greening the Great South of Madagascar: How Communities are Fighting Drought and Restoring Hope - World BankGreening the Great South of Madagascar: How Communities are Fighting Drought and Restoring Hope  World Bank

‘Objects of Memory’: an ICOM Costume and ICOM Madagascar project to promote historical heritage - International Council of Museums‘Objects of Memory’: an ICOM Costume and ICOM Madagascar project to promote historical heritage  International Council of Museums

Madagascar: Tropical Storm Honde - Flash Update No. 1 (04 March 2025) - ReliefWebMadagascar: Tropical Storm Honde - Flash Update No. 1 (04 March 2025)  ReliefWeb

Madagascar: Communities reeling from Cyclone Gamane ready for brewing storms - UN World Food ProgrammeMadagascar: Communities reeling from Cyclone Gamane ready for brewing storms  UN World Food Programme

‘Triangle of power’ : Madagascar wants control over the Scattered Islands. France says no - France 24‘Triangle of power’ : Madagascar wants control over the Scattered Islands. France says no  France 24

Africa: TotalEnergies CAF CHAN 2024 - Madagascar Team Profile - allAfrica.comAfrica: TotalEnergies CAF CHAN 2024 - Madagascar Team Profile  allAfrica.com

47 trafficked lemurs and 155 trafficked tortoises repatriated to Madagascar - United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime47 trafficked lemurs and 155 trafficked tortoises repatriated to Madagascar  United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

Floods devastate tortoise sanctuary in southern Madagascar - MongabayFloods devastate tortoise sanctuary in southern Madagascar  Mongabay

AI saves lives in Madagascar - HuaweiAI saves lives in Madagascar  Huawei

Outbreak of variant type 1 polio in Madagascar declared over - WHO | Regional Office for AfricaOutbreak of variant type 1 polio in Madagascar declared over  WHO | Regional Office for Africa

Strengthening climate resilience through new strategic partnership in Madagascar - Red Cross Red Crescent Climate CentreStrengthening climate resilience through new strategic partnership in Madagascar  Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre

Leveraging Adaptive Learning and Multisectoral Approaches to Combat Child Stunting in Madagascar - World BankLeveraging Adaptive Learning and Multisectoral Approaches to Combat Child Stunting in Madagascar  World Bank

Ecological and anthropogenic effects on the genomic diversity of lemurs in Madagascar - NatureEcological and anthropogenic effects on the genomic diversity of lemurs in Madagascar  Nature

Island creature — with vibrant orange belly — is a new species in Madagascar - Miami HeraldIsland creature — with vibrant orange belly — is a new species in Madagascar  Miami Herald

Historic operation returns almost 1,000 trafficked animals to Madagascar - Al JazeeraHistoric operation returns almost 1,000 trafficked animals to Madagascar  Al Jazeera

- Cyprus Shipping News - Cyprus Shipping News- Cyprus Shipping News  Cyprus Shipping News

Madagascar: Tropical Cyclone Dikeledi - Flash Update No. 1 (11 January 2025) - ReliefWebMadagascar: Tropical Cyclone Dikeledi - Flash Update No. 1 (11 January 2025)  ReliefWeb

Photos: Fishermen, known as 'Sea Nomads,' dive to protect ocean life in Madagascar - NPRPhotos: Fishermen, known as 'Sea Nomads,' dive to protect ocean life in Madagascar  NPR

Madagascar: Tropical Cyclone Dikeledi - Flash Update No. 3 (15 January 2025) - ReliefWebMadagascar: Tropical Cyclone Dikeledi - Flash Update No. 3 (15 January 2025)  ReliefWeb

Special Envoy for Road Safety in Mauritius, Madagascar and Eswatini to support initiatives to increase road safety - UNECESpecial Envoy for Road Safety in Mauritius, Madagascar and Eswatini to support initiatives to increase road safety  UNECE

Eldest daughters often carry the heaviest burdens – insights from Madagascar - The ConversationEldest daughters often carry the heaviest burdens – insights from Madagascar  The Conversation

Presentation of the National Disaster Preparedness Baseline Assessment - U.S. Embassy in Madagascar (.gov)Presentation of the National Disaster Preparedness Baseline Assessment  U.S. Embassy in Madagascar (.gov)

WFP Madagascar Country Brief, May 2025 - ReliefWebWFP Madagascar Country Brief, May 2025  ReliefWeb

Madagascar to Mauritius: Islands of the Indian Ocean – Alumni Adventures - Carleton CollegeMadagascar to Mauritius: Islands of the Indian Ocean – Alumni Adventures  Carleton College

Wave of arrests as Madagascar shuts down tortoise trafficking network - MongabayWave of arrests as Madagascar shuts down tortoise trafficking network  Mongabay

Energy crisis looms large as Macron makes rare visit to Madagascar - RFIEnergy crisis looms large as Macron makes rare visit to Madagascar  RFI

African Development Bank grants $25 million Trade Finance Facility to Bank of Africa Madagascar - afdb.orgAfrican Development Bank grants $25 million Trade Finance Facility to Bank of Africa Madagascar  afdb.org

‘Nightmare’ fire threatens iconic Madagascar national park - Mongabay‘Nightmare’ fire threatens iconic Madagascar national park  Mongabay

Entering the Carbon Credit Business Through Mangrove Reforestation in Madagascar and Mozambique - sumitomocorp.comEntering the Carbon Credit Business Through Mangrove Reforestation in Madagascar and Mozambique  sumitomocorp.com

Cyclone Dikeledi kills three in Madagascar, and Mayotte is hit again - theguardian.comCyclone Dikeledi kills three in Madagascar, and Mayotte is hit again  theguardian.com

Madagascar supports more unique plant life than any other island in the world – new study - The ConversationMadagascar supports more unique plant life than any other island in the world – new study  The Conversation

Tortoise protection culture prompts efforts to curb trafficking in Madagascar - MongabayTortoise protection culture prompts efforts to curb trafficking in Madagascar  Mongabay

English Teachers Across Madagascar Receive International Training - U.S. Embassy in Madagascar (.gov)English Teachers Across Madagascar Receive International Training  U.S. Embassy in Madagascar (.gov)

Mysterious rock-cut structures could redefine Madagascar’s historical narrative - HeritageDailyMysterious rock-cut structures could redefine Madagascar’s historical narrative  HeritageDaily

Responding to the climate crisis with recovery and resilience in Madagascar - caritas.orgResponding to the climate crisis with recovery and resilience in Madagascar  caritas.org

Links between poverty, climate-induced migration and deforestation in western Madagascar - ScienceDirect.comLinks between poverty, climate-induced migration and deforestation in western Madagascar  ScienceDirect.com

Secretary-General appoints Anthony Ngororano of Rwanda as the United Nations Resident Coordinator in Madagascar - United Nations Sustainable Development GroupSecretary-General appoints Anthony Ngororano of Rwanda as the United Nations Resident Coordinator in Madagascar  United Nations Sustainable Development Group

Ambassador Pierangelo's Speech - July 4th Celebration - U.S. Embassy in Madagascar (.gov)Ambassador Pierangelo's Speech - July 4th Celebration  U.S. Embassy in Madagascar (.gov)

Madagascar: Tropical Cyclone Dikeledi - Flash Update No. 2 (13 January 2025) - ReliefWebMadagascar: Tropical Cyclone Dikeledi - Flash Update No. 2 (13 January 2025)  ReliefWeb

MU-led team rescue weather data from Madagascar - Maynooth UniversityMU-led team rescue weather data from Madagascar  Maynooth University

News - Divers Discover Portuguese Shipwreck Off Madagascar - Archaeology MagazineNews - Divers Discover Portuguese Shipwreck Off Madagascar  Archaeology Magazine

Madagascar Case Study | Climate Refugees - Othering & Belonging InstituteMadagascar Case Study | Climate Refugees  Othering & Belonging Institute

Lizards of Madagascar | KYOTO UNIVERSITY - ????Lizards of Madagascar | KYOTO UNIVERSITY  ????

Madagascar - Rapport des Bilans Alimentaires de 2016-2022 - afdb.orgMadagascar - Rapport des Bilans Alimentaires de 2016-2022  afdb.org

Madagascar - General DebateMadagascar  General Debate

Madagascar - IFADMadagascar  IFAD

Macron unveils Madagascar deals to counter perception of decline - African BusinessMacron unveils Madagascar deals to counter perception of decline  African Business

Strengthening local decision-making for a more effective education system in Madagascar - UnicefStrengthening local decision-making for a more effective education system in Madagascar  Unicef

Death toll from heavy rains in Madagascar rises to 11 - XinhuaDeath toll from heavy rains in Madagascar rises to 11  Xinhua

Madagascar successfully brings back endangered wildlife in cooperation with UNODC and partners - United Nations Office on Drugs and CrimeMadagascar successfully brings back endangered wildlife in cooperation with UNODC and partners  United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

The origin of the Madagascar Ridge: three hypotheses - Museum für NaturkundeThe origin of the Madagascar Ridge: three hypotheses  Museum für Naturkunde

8 things to know before traveling to Madagascar - Lonely Planet8 things to know before traveling to Madagascar  Lonely Planet

Macron announces economic deals with Madagascar on first official visit - France 24Macron announces economic deals with Madagascar on first official visit  France 24

Madagascar rural observatory surveys, a longitudinal dataset on household living conditions 1995–2015 - NatureMadagascar rural observatory surveys, a longitudinal dataset on household living conditions 1995–2015  Nature

This is why you can't have nice things in a trade war - AxiosThis is why you can't have nice things in a trade war  Axios

Madagascar’s Ambohiby Complex - NASA Earth Observatory (.gov)Madagascar’s Ambohiby Complex  NASA Earth Observatory (.gov)