Lebanon

Country Lebanon
Capital Beirut
Continent Asia
Currency Lebanese pound(LBP)
Languages Arabic, French & English

Information

Introduction

Following World War I, France acquired a mandate over the northern portion of the former Ottoman Empire province of Syria. The French separated out the region of Lebanon in 1920, and granted this area independence in 1943. A lengthy civil war (1975-1990) devastated the country, but Lebanon has since made progress toward rebuilding its political institutions. Under the Ta'if Accord - the blueprint for national reconciliation - the Lebanese established a more equitable political system, particularly by giving Muslims a greater voice in the political process while institutionalizing sectarian divisions in the government. Since the end of the war, Lebanon has conducted several successful elections. Most militias have been reduced or disbanded, with the exception of Hizballah, designated by the US State Department as a Foreign Terrorist Organization, and Palestinian militant groups. During Lebanon's civil war, the Arab League legitimized in the Ta'if Accord Syria's troop deployment, numbering about 16,000 based mainly east of Beirut and in the Bekaa Valley. Israel's withdrawal from southern Lebanon in May 2000 and the passage in September 2004 of UNSCR 1559 - a resolution calling for Syria to withdraw from Lebanon and end its interference in Lebanese affairs - encouraged some Lebanese groups to demand that Syria withdraw its forces as well. The assassination of former Prime Minister Rafiq HARIRI and 22 others in February 2005 led to massive demonstrations in Beirut against the Syrian presence ("the Cedar Revolution"), and Syria withdrew the remainder of its military forces in April 2005. In May-June 2005, Lebanon held its first legislative elections since the end of the civil war free of foreign interference, handing a majority to the bloc led by Sa'ad HARIRI, the slain prime minister's son. In July 2006, Hizballah kidnapped two Israeli soldiers leading to a 34-day conflict with Israel in which approximately 1,200 Lebanese civilians were killed. UNSCR 1701 ended the war in August 2006, and Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) deployed throughout the country for the first time in decades, charged with securing Lebanon's borders against weapons smuggling and maintaining a weapons-free zone in south Lebanon with the help of the UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL). The LAF in May-September 2007 battled Sunni extremist group Fatah al-Islam in the Nahr al-Barid Palestinian refugee camp, winning a decisive victory, but destroying the camp and displacing 30,000 Palestinian residents. Lebanese politicians in November 2007 were unable to agree on a successor to Emile LAHUD when he stepped down as president, creating a political vacuum until the election of LAF Commander Gen. Michel SULAYMAN in May 2008 and the formation of a new unity government in July 2008. Legislative elections in June 2009 again produced victory for the bloc led by Sa'ad HARIRI, but a period of prolonged negotiation over the composition of the cabinet ensued. A national unity government was finally formed in November 2009 and approved by the National Assembly the following month. In January 2010, Lebanon assumed a nonpermanent seat on the UN Security Council for the 2010-11 term.

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References

Lebanon - Wikipedia
Lebanon - CIA World Fact Book
Lebanon - BBC
Lebanon - Timeline - BBC

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News Headlines

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Orphaned by Israel, two child amputees find each other in Lebanon - Al JazeeraOrphaned by Israel, two child amputees find each other in Lebanon  Al Jazeera

2 Child Amputees, Orphaned By Israel, Find Each Other In Lebanon - NDTV2 Child Amputees, Orphaned By Israel, Find Each Other In Lebanon  NDTV

Pope Leo plans symbolic debut foreign trips to Turkiye and Lebanon - Al JazeeraPope Leo plans symbolic debut foreign trips to Turkiye and Lebanon  Al Jazeera

Pope Leo to visit Turkey and Lebanon on first overseas trip - The GuardianPope Leo to visit Turkey and Lebanon on first overseas trip  The Guardian

Pope aims to convey message of peace during Türkiye, Lebanon visit | Daily Sabah - Daily SabahPope aims to convey message of peace during Türkiye, Lebanon visit | Daily Sabah  Daily Sabah

President Aoun welcomes Gaza ceasefire, urges Israeli restraint in Lebanon - Arab NewsPresident Aoun welcomes Gaza ceasefire, urges Israeli restraint in Lebanon  Arab News

400,000 Syrian refugees to return home from Lebanon this year, UN agency says - Arab News400,000 Syrian refugees to return home from Lebanon this year, UN agency says  Arab News

Lebanon has arrested 32 people suspected of spying for Israel: judicial official to AFP - Arab NewsLebanon has arrested 32 people suspected of spying for Israel: judicial official to AFP  Arab News

Lebanon says two killed in Israeli strikes on south - Arab NewsLebanon says two killed in Israeli strikes on south  Arab News

Analysis: How is Lebanon’s Hezbollah regrouping after war with Israel? - Al JazeeraAnalysis: How is Lebanon’s Hezbollah regrouping after war with Israel?  Al Jazeera

Lebanon PM Salam slams Israel after fresh attacks on southern Lebanon - Al JazeeraLebanon PM Salam slams Israel after fresh attacks on southern Lebanon  Al Jazeera

Israel launches series of air strikes in southern Lebanon - Al JazeeraIsrael launches series of air strikes in southern Lebanon  Al Jazeera

Over 30 arrested in Lebanon for allegedly providing Israel with intel on Hezbollah - The Times of IsraelOver 30 arrested in Lebanon for allegedly providing Israel with intel on Hezbollah  The Times of Israel

Pope Leo to make Apostolic Journey to Türkiye and Lebanon - Vatican NewsPope Leo to make Apostolic Journey to Türkiye and Lebanon  Vatican News

Berri: After Gaza agreement, Israel must be forced to ceasefire in Lebanon - Middle East MonitorBerri: After Gaza agreement, Israel must be forced to ceasefire in Lebanon  Middle East Monitor

Policy Brief: Unlocking Solar Energy Access in Lebanon through Innovative Finance and Blended Models - Arab Reform InitiativePolicy Brief: Unlocking Solar Energy Access in Lebanon through Innovative Finance and Blended Models  Arab Reform Initiative

Pope Leo to visit Turkey, Lebanon in November in first trip abroad - ReutersPope Leo to visit Turkey, Lebanon in November in first trip abroad  Reuters

Libya accuses Lebanon of harming Hannibal Gaddafi’s health - APAnews - Agence de Presse AfricaineLibya accuses Lebanon of harming Hannibal Gaddafi’s health  APAnews - Agence de Presse Africaine

Pope Leo will travel to Turkey and Lebanon in first international trip - CNNPope Leo will travel to Turkey and Lebanon in first international trip  CNN

Indian men's futsal team to play two friendlies against Lebanon in Beirut - AIFFIndian men's futsal team to play two friendlies against Lebanon in Beirut  AIFF

Lebanon Oscar Entry ‘A Sad and Beautiful World’ Sells to International Distributors (EXCLUSIVE) - VarietyLebanon Oscar Entry ‘A Sad and Beautiful World’ Sells to International Distributors (EXCLUSIVE)  Variety

Why Pope Leo XIV chose Turkey, Lebanon for his first papal trip - theweek.inWhy Pope Leo XIV chose Turkey, Lebanon for his first papal trip  theweek.in

Leo to Visit Lebanon and Turkey in First Trip Abroad as Pope - The New York TimesLeo to Visit Lebanon and Turkey in First Trip Abroad as Pope  The New York Times

Pope Leo to visit Türkiye and Lebanon in first official trip abroad - AzerNewsPope Leo to visit Türkiye and Lebanon in first official trip abroad  AzerNews

How the US funded Israel’s wars on Gaza, Lebanon, Iran - Al JazeeraHow the US funded Israel’s wars on Gaza, Lebanon, Iran  Al Jazeera

Israel carries out drone strike in southern Lebanon, killing one person - Al JazeeraIsrael carries out drone strike in southern Lebanon, killing one person  Al Jazeera

Hezbollah a ‘legitimate political party’ within Lebanon, US envoy says - Al JazeeraHezbollah a ‘legitimate political party’ within Lebanon, US envoy says  Al Jazeera

Syria’s foreign minister visits Lebanon as both nations seek to rebuild ties after Assad’s ouster - WTOPSyria’s foreign minister visits Lebanon as both nations seek to rebuild ties after Assad’s ouster  WTOP

‘Opportunity for wisdom’: Hezbollah approves of Lebanon’s plan of monopoly over weapons; Israeli offensiv - Times of India‘Opportunity for wisdom’: Hezbollah approves of Lebanon’s plan of monopoly over weapons; Israeli offensiv  Times of India

Lebanon thwarts 'Israeli attack' against Hezbollah commemoration - The New ArabLebanon thwarts 'Israeli attack' against Hezbollah commemoration  The New Arab

Pope Leo's first international trip officially set for Turkey, Lebanon - National Catholic ReporterPope Leo's first international trip officially set for Turkey, Lebanon  National Catholic Reporter

Lebanon Restricts Education Access for Many Refugees - Human Rights WatchLebanon Restricts Education Access for Many Refugees  Human Rights Watch

Pope Leo XIV to visit Turkey and Lebanon in first apostolic journey - The Catholic HeraldPope Leo XIV to visit Turkey and Lebanon in first apostolic journey  The Catholic Herald

ASIA/LEBANON - Pope Leo's visit and the weaknesses of the "Lebanese Awakening" - Agenzia FidesASIA/LEBANON - Pope Leo's visit and the weaknesses of the "Lebanese Awakening"  Agenzia Fides

Children among 5 killed in Israeli drone ‘massacre’ in southern Lebanon - Al JazeeraChildren among 5 killed in Israeli drone ‘massacre’ in southern Lebanon  Al Jazeera

Lebanon army chief visits Qatar amid push to disarm Hezbollah - AL-MonitorLebanon army chief visits Qatar amid push to disarm Hezbollah  AL-Monitor

Two Lebanese soldiers killed in Israeli drone explosion in southern Lebanon - Al JazeeraTwo Lebanese soldiers killed in Israeli drone explosion in southern Lebanon  Al Jazeera

Architect Rabih El Hage Archives Lebanon’s Abandoned Homes in Matn - CairoSceneArchitect Rabih El Hage Archives Lebanon’s Abandoned Homes in Matn  CairoScene

The Quiet War for Lebanon - orfonline.orgThe Quiet War for Lebanon  orfonline.org

Pope Leo to travel to Turkey and Lebanon next month in first trip abroad - The Arab WeeklyPope Leo to travel to Turkey and Lebanon next month in first trip abroad  The Arab Weekly

Israeli airstrikes hit southern Lebanon - BBCIsraeli airstrikes hit southern Lebanon  BBC

Lebanon Sees Leadership Approval Spike - Gallup NewsLebanon Sees Leadership Approval Spike  Gallup News

UPDATE: Pope Leo XIV to make first international trip, to Turkey and Lebanon - Catholic News AgencyUPDATE: Pope Leo XIV to make first international trip, to Turkey and Lebanon  Catholic News Agency

Lebanon Oscar Entry ‘A Sad and Beautiful World’ Sells to International Distributors (Exclusive) - IMDbLebanon Oscar Entry ‘A Sad and Beautiful World’ Sells to International Distributors (Exclusive)  IMDb

The US may not be the only path for Lebanon to disarm Hezbollah - thenationalnews.comThe US may not be the only path for Lebanon to disarm Hezbollah  thenationalnews.com

Israeli strikes kill five in Lebanon in latest ceasefire breach - Al JazeeraIsraeli strikes kill five in Lebanon in latest ceasefire breach  Al Jazeera

Lebanon arrests 32 individuals accused of spying for Israel against Hezbollah - PressTVLebanon arrests 32 individuals accused of spying for Israel against Hezbollah  PressTV

Pope Leo XIV to visit Türkiye, Lebanon next month | Daily Sabah - Daily SabahPope Leo XIV to visit Türkiye, Lebanon next month | Daily Sabah  Daily Sabah

Band of brothers: Israeli-Americans held as spies in Egypt and Lebanon forge unique bond - The Times of IsraelBand of brothers: Israeli-Americans held as spies in Egypt and Lebanon forge unique bond  The Times of Israel

Lebanon - Welcome to the United NationsLebanon  Welcome to the United Nations

Mass buildup of Central Asian extremists reported along Lebanon-Syria border - thecradle.coMass buildup of Central Asian extremists reported along Lebanon-Syria border  thecradle.co

Community Tour: Lebanon County - Federal Reserve Bank of PhiladelphiaCommunity Tour: Lebanon County  Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia

Can Lebanon Actually Disarm Hezbollah? - Time MagazineCan Lebanon Actually Disarm Hezbollah?  Time Magazine

Cyril Aris’ ‘A Sad and Beautiful World’ to represent Lebanon at Oscars - BroadcastPro MECyril Aris’ ‘A Sad and Beautiful World’ to represent Lebanon at Oscars  BroadcastPro ME

Syria’s FM arrives in Beirut in first since Assad’s ouster - Al Arabiya EnglishSyria’s FM arrives in Beirut in first since Assad’s ouster  Al Arabiya English

Fragile Stabilization Fuels Growth in Lebanon - World BankFragile Stabilization Fuels Growth in Lebanon  World Bank

Pope to visit Turkey, Lebanon in late November/early December - CruxPope to visit Turkey, Lebanon in late November/early December  Crux

Public Health Situation Analysis - Lebanon - World Health Organization (WHO)Public Health Situation Analysis - Lebanon  World Health Organization (WHO)

Lebanon: +30 arrested over alleged intelligence sharing with Israel - Shafaq News - ??? ????Lebanon: +30 arrested over alleged intelligence sharing with Israel - Shafaq News  ??? ????

Lebanon’s terrible year: From exploding pagers to Israeli occupation - Al JazeeraLebanon’s terrible year: From exploding pagers to Israeli occupation  Al Jazeera

Bou Saab says Lebanon hasn't been warned of a new Israeli war - NaharnetBou Saab says Lebanon hasn't been warned of a new Israeli war  Naharnet

2024 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Lebanon - U.S. Department of State (.gov)2024 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Lebanon  U.S. Department of State (.gov)

Lebanon’s cabinet welcomes army plan to disarm Hezbollah, gives no timeline - Al JazeeraLebanon’s cabinet welcomes army plan to disarm Hezbollah, gives no timeline  Al Jazeera

UNIFIL’s mandate in southern Lebanon was renewed. What happens next? - Al JazeeraUNIFIL’s mandate in southern Lebanon was renewed. What happens next?  Al Jazeera

Change in Lebanon is unfinished business - Arabian Gulf Business Insight | AGBIChange in Lebanon is unfinished business  Arabian Gulf Business Insight | AGBI

Israeli attacks kill four people in Lebanon in 48 hours - thenationalnews.comIsraeli attacks kill four people in Lebanon in 48 hours  thenationalnews.com

Wave of Israeli strikes in southern Lebanon targets Hezbollah’s elite Radwan Force - The Times of IsraelWave of Israeli strikes in southern Lebanon targets Hezbollah’s elite Radwan Force  The Times of Israel

Road closure on Lebanon Road in St. Clair County - Prezly.comRoad closure on Lebanon Road in St. Clair County  Prezly.com

Pope Leo XIV’s First Overseas Journey: Turkey and Lebanon at a Crossroads - Azat TVPope Leo XIV’s First Overseas Journey: Turkey and Lebanon at a Crossroads  Azat TV

UK supports social protection efforts in Lebanon - GOV.UKUK supports social protection efforts in Lebanon  GOV.UK

UN peacekeepers in Lebanon say Israeli drone struck their headquarters but caused no casualties - Euronews.comUN peacekeepers in Lebanon say Israeli drone struck their headquarters but caused no casualties  Euronews.com

Hezbollah says Lebanon move on army plan is 'opportunity,' urges Israel to commit to ceasefire - ReutersHezbollah says Lebanon move on army plan is 'opportunity,' urges Israel to commit to ceasefire  Reuters

Opinion: The dream of a better Lebanon remains afloat - The Globe and MailOpinion: The dream of a better Lebanon remains afloat  The Globe and Mail

Christians warn of marginalization in Lebanon’s expat voting debate - Catholic News AgencyChristians warn of marginalization in Lebanon’s expat voting debate  Catholic News Agency

At least 40 killed in Gaza and five in Lebanon in Israeli strikes - The GuardianAt least 40 killed in Gaza and five in Lebanon in Israeli strikes  The Guardian

Hezbollah ally warns Lebanon faces ‘ball of fire’ as cabinet set to debate disarmament - The Times of IsraelHezbollah ally warns Lebanon faces ‘ball of fire’ as cabinet set to debate disarmament  The Times of Israel

Lebanon pushes for US support as family killed by Israel attack are buried - Al JazeeraLebanon pushes for US support as family killed by Israel attack are buried  Al Jazeera

Syria's foreign minister visits Lebanon as both nations seek to rebuild ties after Assad's ouster - Ottumwa CourierSyria's foreign minister visits Lebanon as both nations seek to rebuild ties after Assad's ouster  Ottumwa Courier

IDF says two Hezbollah operatives killed in southern Lebanon drone strikes - The Times of IsraelIDF says two Hezbollah operatives killed in southern Lebanon drone strikes  The Times of Israel

Pope Leo XIV to visit Lebanon in historic trip continuing Pope Francis’s legacy - SyriacPressPope Leo XIV to visit Lebanon in historic trip continuing Pope Francis’s legacy  SyriacPress

At least six killed, 10 wounded in Israeli strikes on Lebanon - Al JazeeraAt least six killed, 10 wounded in Israeli strikes on Lebanon  Al Jazeera

Will a US-backed economic zone incentivise Lebanon to disarm Hezbollah? - Al JazeeraWill a US-backed economic zone incentivise Lebanon to disarm Hezbollah?  Al Jazeera

Lebanon Economic Monitor, Spring 2025: Turning the Tide? - World BankLebanon Economic Monitor, Spring 2025: Turning the Tide?  World Bank

Lebanon Syria - The Herald JournalLebanon Syria  The Herald Journal

Lebanon Christian leader says Hezbollah must disarm ‘as soon as possible’ - Arab NewsLebanon Christian leader says Hezbollah must disarm ‘as soon as possible’  Arab News

Lebanon overjoyed by Leo XIV's visit 60 years after ‘Nostra Aetate’ - Herald Malaysia OnlineLebanon overjoyed by Leo XIV's visit 60 years after ‘Nostra Aetate’  Herald Malaysia Online

Lebanon rejects foreign interference, president tells Iran official - Al JazeeraLebanon rejects foreign interference, president tells Iran official  Al Jazeera

Dozens arrested in Lebanon on suspicion of collaborating with Israel - thecradle.coDozens arrested in Lebanon on suspicion of collaborating with Israel  thecradle.co

Israel’s destruction in Lebanon could amount to war crimes: Amnesty - Al JazeeraIsrael’s destruction in Lebanon could amount to war crimes: Amnesty  Al Jazeera

Lebanon’s Young Women Redefine Leadership in Universities - UN Sustainable Development GroupLebanon’s Young Women Redefine Leadership in Universities  UN Sustainable Development Group

Lebanon: Immediately Release Gaddafi’s Son - Human Rights WatchLebanon: Immediately Release Gaddafi’s Son  Human Rights Watch

The Take: Will Lebanon disarm Hezbollah? - Al JazeeraThe Take: Will Lebanon disarm Hezbollah?  Al Jazeera

Lebanon: New US$250 Million Project to Kickstart the Recovery and Reconstruction in Conflict-Affected Areas - World BankLebanon: New US$250 Million Project to Kickstart the Recovery and Reconstruction in Conflict-Affected Areas  World Bank

Hezbollah says Lebanon disarmament plan serves Israel, vows to keep weapons - Al JazeeraHezbollah says Lebanon disarmament plan serves Israel, vows to keep weapons  Al Jazeera

Public help sought to find elderly Lebanon man - NPR for OregoniansPublic help sought to find elderly Lebanon man  NPR for Oregonians

Israeli air strikes in south Lebanon violate UN resolution - UN NewsIsraeli air strikes in south Lebanon violate UN resolution  UN News

Lebanon's army chief visits Qatar for talks on military co-operation - thenationalnews.comLebanon's army chief visits Qatar for talks on military co-operation  thenationalnews.com

Will Lebanon succeed in disarming Hezbollah? - Al JazeeraWill Lebanon succeed in disarming Hezbollah?  Al Jazeera

Pope Leo XIV to Visit Turkey and Lebanon - National Catholic RegisterPope Leo XIV to Visit Turkey and Lebanon  National Catholic Register

Lebanon 2025: Plans to disarm Hezbollah - The House of Commons LibraryLebanon 2025: Plans to disarm Hezbollah  The House of Commons Library

Lebanon: Ensure Draft Media Law Upholds Free Expression - Human Rights WatchLebanon: Ensure Draft Media Law Upholds Free Expression  Human Rights Watch