Lebanon

Country Lebanon
Capital Beirut
Continent Asia
Currency Lebanese pound(LBP)
Languages Arabic, French & English

Information

Introduction

Following World War I, France acquired a mandate over the northern portion of the former Ottoman Empire province of Syria. The French separated out the region of Lebanon in 1920, and granted this area independence in 1943. A lengthy civil war (1975-1990) devastated the country, but Lebanon has since made progress toward rebuilding its political institutions. Under the Ta'if Accord - the blueprint for national reconciliation - the Lebanese established a more equitable political system, particularly by giving Muslims a greater voice in the political process while institutionalizing sectarian divisions in the government. Since the end of the war, Lebanon has conducted several successful elections. Most militias have been reduced or disbanded, with the exception of Hizballah, designated by the US State Department as a Foreign Terrorist Organization, and Palestinian militant groups. During Lebanon's civil war, the Arab League legitimized in the Ta'if Accord Syria's troop deployment, numbering about 16,000 based mainly east of Beirut and in the Bekaa Valley. Israel's withdrawal from southern Lebanon in May 2000 and the passage in September 2004 of UNSCR 1559 - a resolution calling for Syria to withdraw from Lebanon and end its interference in Lebanese affairs - encouraged some Lebanese groups to demand that Syria withdraw its forces as well. The assassination of former Prime Minister Rafiq HARIRI and 22 others in February 2005 led to massive demonstrations in Beirut against the Syrian presence ("the Cedar Revolution"), and Syria withdrew the remainder of its military forces in April 2005. In May-June 2005, Lebanon held its first legislative elections since the end of the civil war free of foreign interference, handing a majority to the bloc led by Sa'ad HARIRI, the slain prime minister's son. In July 2006, Hizballah kidnapped two Israeli soldiers leading to a 34-day conflict with Israel in which approximately 1,200 Lebanese civilians were killed. UNSCR 1701 ended the war in August 2006, and Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) deployed throughout the country for the first time in decades, charged with securing Lebanon's borders against weapons smuggling and maintaining a weapons-free zone in south Lebanon with the help of the UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL). The LAF in May-September 2007 battled Sunni extremist group Fatah al-Islam in the Nahr al-Barid Palestinian refugee camp, winning a decisive victory, but destroying the camp and displacing 30,000 Palestinian residents. Lebanese politicians in November 2007 were unable to agree on a successor to Emile LAHUD when he stepped down as president, creating a political vacuum until the election of LAF Commander Gen. Michel SULAYMAN in May 2008 and the formation of a new unity government in July 2008. Legislative elections in June 2009 again produced victory for the bloc led by Sa'ad HARIRI, but a period of prolonged negotiation over the composition of the cabinet ensued. A national unity government was finally formed in November 2009 and approved by the National Assembly the following month. In January 2010, Lebanon assumed a nonpermanent seat on the UN Security Council for the 2010-11 term.

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References

Lebanon - Wikipedia
Lebanon - CIA World Fact Book
Lebanon - BBC
Lebanon - Timeline - BBC

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Lebanon says four killed in Israeli strikes on July 31 - The HinduLebanon says four killed in Israeli strikes on July 31  The Hindu

Israel launches heavy airstrikes across Lebanon amid ceasefire strain - The TribuneIsrael launches heavy airstrikes across Lebanon amid ceasefire strain  The Tribune

Lebanese president calls for Hezbollah to disarm as US pressure rises - The New Indian ExpressLebanese president calls for Hezbollah to disarm as US pressure rises  The New Indian Express

Hezbollah rejects calls to disarm, says demands serve Israel - Al JazeeraHezbollah rejects calls to disarm, says demands serve Israel  Al Jazeera

Lebanon’s President Aoun urges Hezbollah to give up arms - ThePrintLebanon’s President Aoun urges Hezbollah to give up arms  ThePrint

IDF trikes Hezbollah's largest missile production plant in Lebanon: Israel Katz - WIONIDF trikes Hezbollah's largest missile production plant in Lebanon: Israel Katz  WION

HSBC Targeted in Swiss Probe Linked to Ex-Lebanon Central Banker - MintHSBC Targeted in Swiss Probe Linked to Ex-Lebanon Central Banker  Mint

Israel targets Hezbollah weapons production facilities in Lebanon. - en.etemaaddaily.comIsrael targets Hezbollah weapons production facilities in Lebanon.  en.etemaaddaily.com

ChatGPT therapy: The Lebanese turning to AI for mental health support - Al JazeeraChatGPT therapy: The Lebanese turning to AI for mental health support  Al Jazeera

Israeli military strikes Hezbollah terror infrastructures in Southern Lebanon - The TribuneIsraeli military strikes Hezbollah terror infrastructures in Southern Lebanon  The Tribune

Hezbollah says it will not give up weapons despite US proposal - Al JazeeraHezbollah says it will not give up weapons despite US proposal  Al Jazeera

Israel says it launched ‘special, targeted operations’ in southern Lebanon - Al JazeeraIsrael says it launched ‘special, targeted operations’ in southern Lebanon  Al Jazeera

Israel targets Hezbollah weapons production facilities in Lebanon - NewsonairIsrael targets Hezbollah weapons production facilities in Lebanon  Newsonair

Lebanon Economic Monitor, Spring 2025: Turning the Tide? - World BankLebanon Economic Monitor, Spring 2025: Turning the Tide?  World Bank

Hezbollah chief rejects disarmament as pressure on Lebanon grows - ReutersHezbollah chief rejects disarmament as pressure on Lebanon grows  Reuters

Four martyred in Israeli airstrikes on southern and eastern Lebanon - ABNA EnglishFour martyred in Israeli airstrikes on southern and eastern Lebanon  ABNA English

HSBC Says Swiss and French Authorities Are Probing Private Bank - Bloomberg.comHSBC Says Swiss and French Authorities Are Probing Private Bank  Bloomberg.com

IDF assesses successes against Hezbollah since ceasefire could lead to it disarming - The Times of IsraelIDF assesses successes against Hezbollah since ceasefire could lead to it disarming  The Times of Israel

Is Lebanon witnessing repeat of May 2008 anti-Resistance strife? - Tehran TimesIs Lebanon witnessing repeat of May 2008 anti-Resistance strife?  Tehran Times

Lebanon firm on disarming Hezbollah, seeks to arrest non-state actors brandishing automatic weapons - FirstpostLebanon firm on disarming Hezbollah, seeks to arrest non-state actors brandishing automatic weapons  Firstpost

Israeli military strikes Hezbollah terror infrastructures in Southern Lebanon - The News MillIsraeli military strikes Hezbollah terror infrastructures in Southern Lebanon  The News Mill

Lebanon’s President Unveils Draft Response To US Plan For Disarming Hezbollah, Calls For Army Monopoly On - Iran Front Page - IFP NewsLebanon’s President Unveils Draft Response To US Plan For Disarming Hezbollah, Calls For Army Monopoly On  Iran Front Page - IFP News

Five years after devastating port blast, Lebanon lives with trauma and hope - Church in NeedFive years after devastating port blast, Lebanon lives with trauma and hope  Church in Need

Israel bombs multiple areas in Lebanon, including Bekaa Valley, Baalbek - Al JazeeraIsrael bombs multiple areas in Lebanon, including Bekaa Valley, Baalbek  Al Jazeera

US pressures Lebanon to issue cabinet decision to disarm Hezbollah before talks continue - ReutersUS pressures Lebanon to issue cabinet decision to disarm Hezbollah before talks continue  Reuters

Lebanese president steps up calls for Hezbollah to disarm - ReutersLebanese president steps up calls for Hezbollah to disarm  Reuters

Lebanon passes bank restructuring law in step towards IMF reform - Financial TimesLebanon passes bank restructuring law in step towards IMF reform  Financial Times

US envoy hails Lebanon’s response to Hezbollah disarmament proposals - Al JazeeraUS envoy hails Lebanon’s response to Hezbollah disarmament proposals  Al Jazeera

Lebanon's President Aoun urges Hezbollah to give up arms - ReutersLebanon's President Aoun urges Hezbollah to give up arms  Reuters

Lebanon’s moment of truth - Chatham HouseLebanon’s moment of truth  Chatham House

Israeli air strikes kill 12 in eastern Lebanon despite ceasefire - Al JazeeraIsraeli air strikes kill 12 in eastern Lebanon despite ceasefire  Al Jazeera

"Hasn't Learned...": Why Israel Hit Hezbollah In Lebanon Amid Iran Conflict - NDTV"Hasn't Learned...": Why Israel Hit Hezbollah In Lebanon Amid Iran Conflict  NDTV

Israel launches heavy airstrikes on southern, eastern Lebanon in major escalation - Middle East MonitorIsrael launches heavy airstrikes on southern, eastern Lebanon in major escalation  Middle East Monitor

Demobbed IDF troops rebuild kibbutz on Lebanon border to honor fallen friends - The Times of IsraelDemobbed IDF troops rebuild kibbutz on Lebanon border to honor fallen friends  The Times of Israel

Lebanon bids farewell to iconic musician, playwright, and revolutionary Ziad Rahbani - Peoples DispatchLebanon bids farewell to iconic musician, playwright, and revolutionary Ziad Rahbani  Peoples Dispatch

Kurds in Lebanon: Shengal massacre is stain on humanity's conscience - ????? ????? ???????Kurds in Lebanon: Shengal massacre is stain on humanity's conscience  ????? ????? ???????

Fragile Stabilization Fuels Growth in Lebanon - World BankFragile Stabilization Fuels Growth in Lebanon  World Bank

President says Lebanon determined to disarm Hezbollah - AL-MonitorPresident says Lebanon determined to disarm Hezbollah  AL-Monitor

Lebanon Daily Update, July 31 - August 1 - ReliefWebLebanon Daily Update, July 31 - August 1  ReliefWeb

Israel targets Hezbollah weapons production facilities in Lebanon - Mangalorean.comIsrael targets Hezbollah weapons production facilities in Lebanon  Mangalorean.com

Israeli strike kills at least three people in northern Lebanon - Al JazeeraIsraeli strike kills at least three people in northern Lebanon  Al Jazeera

Ziad Rahbani, Lebanon's renowned pianist and composer, dies at 69 - MintZiad Rahbani, Lebanon's renowned pianist and composer, dies at 69  Mint

The US asked Lebanon to disarm Hezbollah. How did Lebanon respond? - Al JazeeraThe US asked Lebanon to disarm Hezbollah. How did Lebanon respond?  Al Jazeera

Israeli Airstrikes Target Southern and Eastern Lebanon Amid Ceasefire Breaches - ShiaWavesIsraeli Airstrikes Target Southern and Eastern Lebanon Amid Ceasefire Breaches  ShiaWaves

Man sentenced to death over killing of Irish soldier Seán Rooney - BBCMan sentenced to death over killing of Irish soldier Seán Rooney  BBC

Israel says it has attacked Hezbollah targets in Lebanon - Gazeta ExpressIsrael says it has attacked Hezbollah targets in Lebanon  Gazeta Express

Hezbollah stocks aid in north Lebanon as fears of war grow - The New ArabHezbollah stocks aid in north Lebanon as fears of war grow  The New Arab

Israel launches heavy airstrikes across Lebanon amid strained ceasefire - Mid-dayIsrael launches heavy airstrikes across Lebanon amid strained ceasefire  Mid-day

A weakened Iran and Hezbollah gives Lebanon an opening to chart path away from the region’s conflicts - will it be enough? - The ConversationA weakened Iran and Hezbollah gives Lebanon an opening to chart path away from the region’s conflicts - will it be enough?  The Conversation

Lebanon says Israeli strike kills one as Beirut rules out normalisation - Al JazeeraLebanon says Israeli strike kills one as Beirut rules out normalisation  Al Jazeera

Lebanon says four killed in Israeli strikes on Thursday - Arab NewsLebanon says four killed in Israeli strikes on Thursday  Arab News

Lebanese president calls for Hezbollah to disarm as US pressure rises - The Times of IsraelLebanese president calls for Hezbollah to disarm as US pressure rises  The Times of Israel

Defense minister confirms IDF striking Hezbollah targets in Lebanon - The Times of IsraelDefense minister confirms IDF striking Hezbollah targets in Lebanon  The Times of Israel

US declares 'no Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon' until Hezbollah disarms: Report - thecradle.coUS declares 'no Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon' until Hezbollah disarms: Report  thecradle.co

Lebanon says four killed in Israeli strikes - Gulf TodayLebanon says four killed in Israeli strikes  Gulf Today

Israeli strikes kill 12 in Lebanon's Bekaa Valley, governor says - BBCIsraeli strikes kill 12 in Lebanon's Bekaa Valley, governor says  BBC

Lebanon approaches critical juncture in push for Hezbollah disarmament - thenationalnews.comLebanon approaches critical juncture in push for Hezbollah disarmament  thenationalnews.com

Israel launches bombing raids in Syria and Lebanon - theguardian.comIsrael launches bombing raids in Syria and Lebanon  theguardian.com

Hezbollah chief says those demanding terror group’s disarmament are ‘serving’ Israel - The Times of IsraelHezbollah chief says those demanding terror group’s disarmament are ‘serving’ Israel  The Times of Israel

Israel resumes bombing Lebanon with attack on Hezbollah 'explosives factories' - thenationalnews.comIsrael resumes bombing Lebanon with attack on Hezbollah 'explosives factories'  thenationalnews.com

Hezbollah chief says won’t disarm until Israel leaves southern Lebanon - Al JazeeraHezbollah chief says won’t disarm until Israel leaves southern Lebanon  Al Jazeera

IDF launches wave of strikes after Hezbollah attempts to rebuild in Southern Lebanon - JNS.orgIDF launches wave of strikes after Hezbollah attempts to rebuild in Southern Lebanon  JNS.org

Missing dog in Lebanon has a happy ending - thechronicle.comMissing dog in Lebanon has a happy ending  thechronicle.com

Morocco/Lebanon: When History speaks, the Algerian regime must listen & keep quiet ! - The North Africa PostMorocco/Lebanon: When History speaks, the Algerian regime must listen & keep quiet !  The North Africa Post

War is possible again: Lebanon's ongoing negotiations on Hezbollah's arsenal - Shafaq News - ??? ????War is possible again: Lebanon's ongoing negotiations on Hezbollah's arsenal - Shafaq News  ??? ????

South Lebanon village denies sidewalk painted in Israeli colours - The New ArabSouth Lebanon village denies sidewalk painted in Israeli colours  The New Arab

IDF confirms airstrikes on Hezbollah 'strategic weapons' sites in south Lebanon, Beqaa Valley - The Times of IsraelIDF confirms airstrikes on Hezbollah 'strategic weapons' sites in south Lebanon, Beqaa Valley  The Times of Israel

US envoy takes lighter touch with Hezbollah in Lebanon - Responsible StatecraftUS envoy takes lighter touch with Hezbollah in Lebanon  Responsible Statecraft

Lebanese Shia families displaced by war now trapped by identity - Al JazeeraLebanese Shia families displaced by war now trapped by identity  Al Jazeera

'There's always fresh ideas': Lebanon Area Fair sees high turnout for 2025 - Lebanon Daily News'There's always fresh ideas': Lebanon Area Fair sees high turnout for 2025  Lebanon Daily News

Lebanon military court convicts 6 for killing UN peacekeeper in 2022 - PBSLebanon military court convicts 6 for killing UN peacekeeper in 2022  PBS

Israeli American man arrested in Lebanon, tortured and accused of espionage: 'They op - ynetnews.comIsraeli American man arrested in Lebanon, tortured and accused of espionage: 'They op  ynetnews.com

Iran’s U16 girls team crowned West Asian basketball champions - PressTVIran’s U16 girls team crowned West Asian basketball champions  PressTV

Lebanese PM condemns wave of Israeli attacks on southern Lebanon - Al JazeeraLebanese PM condemns wave of Israeli attacks on southern Lebanon  Al Jazeera

Lebanon: New US$250 Million Project to Kickstart the Recovery and Reconstruction in Conflict-Affected Areas - World BankLebanon: New US$250 Million Project to Kickstart the Recovery and Reconstruction in Conflict-Affected Areas  World Bank

The Hiking Trails Reshaping Lebanese Tourism - New Lines MagazineThe Hiking Trails Reshaping Lebanese Tourism  New Lines Magazine

Seeking funds to rebuild, Lebanon government works to regain donor trust - Al JazeeraSeeking funds to rebuild, Lebanon government works to regain donor trust  Al Jazeera

Seán Rooney: Mother of Irish soldier calls Lebanese trial a 'sham' - BBCSeán Rooney: Mother of Irish soldier calls Lebanese trial a 'sham'  BBC

Lebanon's President Aoun moves to confront Hezbollah - The Jerusalem PostLebanon's President Aoun moves to confront Hezbollah  The Jerusalem Post

In rare appearance, Fairuz mourns son Ziad Rahbani as Lebanon bids farewell - AL-MonitorIn rare appearance, Fairuz mourns son Ziad Rahbani as Lebanon bids farewell  AL-Monitor

IDF bombs Hezbollah precision missile facility - The Jerusalem PostIDF bombs Hezbollah precision missile facility  The Jerusalem Post

Lebanon’s Recovery and Reconstruction Needs Estimated at US$11 Billion - World BankLebanon’s Recovery and Reconstruction Needs Estimated at US$11 Billion  World Bank

Ziad Rahbani, Composer Who Defined a Tragic Era in Lebanon, Dies at 69 - The New York TimesZiad Rahbani, Composer Who Defined a Tragic Era in Lebanon, Dies at 69  The New York Times

Georges Abdallah welcomed in Beirut after four decades in French prison - ArabAmericanNewsGeorges Abdallah welcomed in Beirut after four decades in French prison  ArabAmericanNews

Israeli operations in Lebanon continue to kill civilians - ohchrIsraeli operations in Lebanon continue to kill civilians  ohchr

In Suroyo TV interview, Salim Sayegh warns of ‘time bomb’ as Hezbollah disarmament, US-Israel talks expose Lebanon’s political crisis - Syriac PressIn Suroyo TV interview, Salim Sayegh warns of ‘time bomb’ as Hezbollah disarmament, US-Israel talks expose Lebanon’s political crisis  Syriac Press

Israel Escalates Attacks on Lebanon, Citing Hezbollah’s Weapons - Democracy Now!Israel Escalates Attacks on Lebanon, Citing Hezbollah’s Weapons  Democracy Now!

Israel resumes bombing Lebanon with attack on Hezbollah 'explosives factories' - MSNIsrael resumes bombing Lebanon with attack on Hezbollah 'explosives factories'  MSN

First group of Syrian refugees returns home from Lebanon under new UN plan - ABC NewsFirst group of Syrian refugees returns home from Lebanon under new UN plan  ABC News

They Vanished in Syria’s Long Occupation of Lebanon. Now Their Families Want Answers. - The New York TimesThey Vanished in Syria’s Long Occupation of Lebanon. Now Their Families Want Answers.  The New York Times

Israeli army fire hits UN south Lebanon base for first time since ceasefire - Al JazeeraIsraeli army fire hits UN south Lebanon base for first time since ceasefire  Al Jazeera

Lebanon's worst drought on record drains largest reservoir - ReutersLebanon's worst drought on record drains largest reservoir  Reuters

Israel bombs southern Lebanon amid conflict with Iran and assault on Gaza - Al JazeeraIsrael bombs southern Lebanon amid conflict with Iran and assault on Gaza  Al Jazeera

President Joseph Aoun demands Lebanon 'seize historic opportunity' to disarm Hezbollah - MSNPresident Joseph Aoun demands Lebanon 'seize historic opportunity' to disarm Hezbollah  MSN

Beirut court sentences Lebanon man for murdering UN soldier - The Jerusalem PostBeirut court sentences Lebanon man for murdering UN soldier  The Jerusalem Post

Lebanon bans dealing with Hezbollah financial entity - ReutersLebanon bans dealing with Hezbollah financial entity  Reuters

Israeli attacks on southern Lebanon kill three people - Al JazeeraIsraeli attacks on southern Lebanon kill three people  Al Jazeera

Lebanon: Signs of hope amid immense challenges, says Türk - ohchrLebanon: Signs of hope amid immense challenges, says Türk  ohchr

Pro-Palestinian Lebanese fighter freed from France welcomed home in Beirut - Al JazeeraPro-Palestinian Lebanese fighter freed from France welcomed home in Beirut  Al Jazeera

Lebanon’s President Joseph Aoun meets Algerian President Abdelmadjid Tebboune in bid to boost relations - thenationalnews.comLebanon’s President Joseph Aoun meets Algerian President Abdelmadjid Tebboune in bid to boost relations  thenationalnews.com

Disarming Hezbollah is key to Lebanon’s recovery - but the task is complicated by regional shifts, ceasefire violations - The ConversationDisarming Hezbollah is key to Lebanon’s recovery - but the task is complicated by regional shifts, ceasefire violations  The Conversation

Lebanon - European Commission - European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid OperationsLebanon - European Commission  European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations