Lebanon

Country Lebanon
Capital Beirut
Continent Asia
Currency Lebanese pound(LBP)
Languages Arabic, French & English

Information

Introduction

Following World War I, France acquired a mandate over the northern portion of the former Ottoman Empire province of Syria. The French separated out the region of Lebanon in 1920, and granted this area independence in 1943. A lengthy civil war (1975-1990) devastated the country, but Lebanon has since made progress toward rebuilding its political institutions. Under the Ta'if Accord - the blueprint for national reconciliation - the Lebanese established a more equitable political system, particularly by giving Muslims a greater voice in the political process while institutionalizing sectarian divisions in the government. Since the end of the war, Lebanon has conducted several successful elections. Most militias have been reduced or disbanded, with the exception of Hizballah, designated by the US State Department as a Foreign Terrorist Organization, and Palestinian militant groups. During Lebanon's civil war, the Arab League legitimized in the Ta'if Accord Syria's troop deployment, numbering about 16,000 based mainly east of Beirut and in the Bekaa Valley. Israel's withdrawal from southern Lebanon in May 2000 and the passage in September 2004 of UNSCR 1559 - a resolution calling for Syria to withdraw from Lebanon and end its interference in Lebanese affairs - encouraged some Lebanese groups to demand that Syria withdraw its forces as well. The assassination of former Prime Minister Rafiq HARIRI and 22 others in February 2005 led to massive demonstrations in Beirut against the Syrian presence ("the Cedar Revolution"), and Syria withdrew the remainder of its military forces in April 2005. In May-June 2005, Lebanon held its first legislative elections since the end of the civil war free of foreign interference, handing a majority to the bloc led by Sa'ad HARIRI, the slain prime minister's son. In July 2006, Hizballah kidnapped two Israeli soldiers leading to a 34-day conflict with Israel in which approximately 1,200 Lebanese civilians were killed. UNSCR 1701 ended the war in August 2006, and Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) deployed throughout the country for the first time in decades, charged with securing Lebanon's borders against weapons smuggling and maintaining a weapons-free zone in south Lebanon with the help of the UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL). The LAF in May-September 2007 battled Sunni extremist group Fatah al-Islam in the Nahr al-Barid Palestinian refugee camp, winning a decisive victory, but destroying the camp and displacing 30,000 Palestinian residents. Lebanese politicians in November 2007 were unable to agree on a successor to Emile LAHUD when he stepped down as president, creating a political vacuum until the election of LAF Commander Gen. Michel SULAYMAN in May 2008 and the formation of a new unity government in July 2008. Legislative elections in June 2009 again produced victory for the bloc led by Sa'ad HARIRI, but a period of prolonged negotiation over the composition of the cabinet ensued. A national unity government was finally formed in November 2009 and approved by the National Assembly the following month. In January 2010, Lebanon assumed a nonpermanent seat on the UN Security Council for the 2010-11 term.

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References

Lebanon - Wikipedia
Lebanon - CIA World Fact Book
Lebanon - BBC
Lebanon - Timeline - BBC

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News Headlines

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Pope: How France, Lebanon, Brazil, other world leaders paid tribute to Francis ahead of funeral - Hindustan TimesPope: How France, Lebanon, Brazil, other world leaders paid tribute to Francis ahead of funeral  Hindustan Times

Lebanon receives USD 250M World Bank loan to reform electricity sector - Siasat.comLebanon receives USD 250M World Bank loan to reform electricity sector  Siasat.com

Lebanon media says 8 wounded in drone strike at Syrian border - Arab NewsLebanon media says 8 wounded in drone strike at Syrian border  Arab News

Lebanon parliament approves changes to banking secrecy law - ETLegalWorld.comLebanon parliament approves changes to banking secrecy law  ETLegalWorld.com

Iran's envoy to Lebanon claims Hezbollah pager that injured him was in his office as protective measure - The Times of IsraelIran's envoy to Lebanon claims Hezbollah pager that injured him was in his office as protective measure  The Times of Israel

Cartoon for April 25, 2025 - thenationalnews.comCartoon for April 25, 2025  thenationalnews.com

?Lebanon secures $250 million World bank loan to revive ailing power sector - Daijiworld?Lebanon secures $250 million World bank loan to revive ailing power sector  Daijiworld

Lebanon receives $250 million World Bank loan to ease power problems - Arab NewsLebanon receives $250 million World Bank loan to ease power problems  Arab News

Lebanon receives $250 million World Bank loan to ease power problems - The Times of IsraelLebanon receives $250 million World Bank loan to ease power problems  The Times of Israel

Lebanon receives preliminary approval to increase World Bank loan to $400m - Arab NewsLebanon receives preliminary approval to increase World Bank loan to $400m  Arab News

Lebanon amends banking secrecy law in key reform - Arab NewsLebanon amends banking secrecy law in key reform  Arab News

HRW accuses Israel of ‘indiscriminate’ attacks on civilians during war in Lebanon - Arab NewsHRW accuses Israel of ‘indiscriminate’ attacks on civilians during war in Lebanon  Arab News

Israeli attack kills al-Jamaa al-Islamiya leader in Lebanon - Al JazeeraIsraeli attack kills al-Jamaa al-Islamiya leader in Lebanon  Al Jazeera

Lebanon passes banking secrecy law in third attempt to meet IMF demands - ReutersLebanon passes banking secrecy law in third attempt to meet IMF demands  Reuters

Legacies of Lebanon’s 1975-1990 Civil War - Arab Center Washington DCLegacies of Lebanon’s 1975-1990 Civil War  Arab Center Washington DC

On This Day, April 26: Syrian ends 29-year military presence in Lebanon - upi.comOn This Day, April 26: Syrian ends 29-year military presence in Lebanon  upi.com

Priced Out of Recovery: Lebanon Between War and Reconstruction - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy -Priced Out of Recovery: Lebanon Between War and Reconstruction  The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy -

Iran’s Ambassador To Lebanon Summoned Over Hezbollah Disarmament Remarks - Ommcom NewsIran’s Ambassador To Lebanon Summoned Over Hezbollah Disarmament Remarks  Ommcom News

Lebanon Reprimands Iran Ambassador Over Criticism of Hezbollah Disarmament Moves - Foundation for Defense of DemocraciesLebanon Reprimands Iran Ambassador Over Criticism of Hezbollah Disarmament Moves  Foundation for Defense of Democracies

Economic growth in Lebanon not possible without social stability, warns minister - thenationalnews.comEconomic growth in Lebanon not possible without social stability, warns minister  thenationalnews.com

Israeli strikes in Lebanon continue to kill civilians, UN rights office warns - UN NewsIsraeli strikes in Lebanon continue to kill civilians, UN rights office warns  UN News

Israeli operations in Lebanon continue to kill civilians - ohchrIsraeli operations in Lebanon continue to kill civilians  ohchr

The planned polls in South Lebanon irritate anti-resistance team - Tehran TimesThe planned polls in South Lebanon irritate anti-resistance team  Tehran Times

Lebanon: Indiscriminate Israeli Attacks on Civilians - Human Rights WatchLebanon: Indiscriminate Israeli Attacks on Civilians  Human Rights Watch

Hezbollah is 'still stronger than several Lebanese armies,' expert warns - interview - The Jerusalem PostHezbollah is 'still stronger than several Lebanese armies,' expert warns - interview  The Jerusalem Post

Lebanese president says disarming Hezbollah ‘delicate’ as Israel kills two - Al JazeeraLebanese president says disarming Hezbollah ‘delicate’ as Israel kills two  Al Jazeera

The Lebanese Civil War in Iran’s Narrative of Resistance - Arab Center Washington DCThe Lebanese Civil War in Iran’s Narrative of Resistance  Arab Center Washington DC

Israel pushes on with strategy to keep neighbours weak in Lebanon and Syria - Al JazeeraIsrael pushes on with strategy to keep neighbours weak in Lebanon and Syria  Al Jazeera

Lebanon summons Iran’s ambassador in warning against Hezbollah interference - AL-MonitorLebanon summons Iran’s ambassador in warning against Hezbollah interference  AL-Monitor

Eight wounded in drone strike on Lebanon-Syria border - thenationalnews.comEight wounded in drone strike on Lebanon-Syria border  thenationalnews.com

UNRWA Students Win Football Championship in Lebanon - UNRWAUNRWA Students Win Football Championship in Lebanon  UNRWA

8 wounded in drone strike on Lebanon Syrian border - The New Arab8 wounded in drone strike on Lebanon Syrian border  The New Arab

Analysis: Qassem’s speech on Lebanon’s national defense strategy indicates Hezbollah will remain armed - Long War JournalAnalysis: Qassem’s speech on Lebanon’s national defense strategy indicates Hezbollah will remain armed  Long War Journal

8 Syrian refugees injured in drone explosion in Lebanon - Sakshi Post8 Syrian refugees injured in drone explosion in Lebanon  Sakshi Post

Lebanon amends banking secrecy rules in victory for new government - Financial TimesLebanon amends banking secrecy rules in victory for new government  Financial Times

Iran tries to placate Lebanon after 'disarmament' comment anger - The New ArabIran tries to placate Lebanon after 'disarmament' comment anger  The New Arab

World Bank expands Lebanon aid package to $400m amid deepening crisis - Middle East MonitorWorld Bank expands Lebanon aid package to $400m amid deepening crisis  Middle East Monitor

Made in America - Al JazeeraMade in America  Al Jazeera

HRW accuses Israel of indiscriminate attacks on civilians in Lebanon - Middle East MonitorHRW accuses Israel of indiscriminate attacks on civilians in Lebanon  Middle East Monitor

Lebanon summons Iranian ambassador over Hezbollah disarmament comments - thenationalnews.comLebanon summons Iranian ambassador over Hezbollah disarmament comments  thenationalnews.com

Will US pressure tactics on Lebanon make Hezbollah disarm faster? - Al JazeeraWill US pressure tactics on Lebanon make Hezbollah disarm faster?  Al Jazeera

Saudi Arabia’s Calculated Re-engagement in Syria and Lebanon - Arab Center Washington DCSaudi Arabia’s Calculated Re-engagement in Syria and Lebanon  Arab Center Washington DC

Israel in overnight Lebanon raid amid Hezbollah disarmament push - The New ArabIsrael in overnight Lebanon raid amid Hezbollah disarmament push  The New Arab

Hezbollah said ready to discuss disarmament if Israel withdraws from south Lebanon - The Times of IsraelHezbollah said ready to discuss disarmament if Israel withdraws from south Lebanon  The Times of Israel

Lebanon secures initial World Bank approval for $400M loan - AL-MonitorLebanon secures initial World Bank approval for $400M loan  AL-Monitor

Iran denounces Zionist regime’s aggressive terrorist acts in occupied Palestine Lebanon - Islamic Republic of Iran Ministry of Foreign AffairsIran denounces Zionist regime’s aggressive terrorist acts in occupied Palestine Lebanon  Islamic Republic of Iran Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Red line crossed: Lebanon slams Iran envoy hurt in pager attack over Hezbollah ties - YnetnewsRed line crossed: Lebanon slams Iran envoy hurt in pager attack over Hezbollah ties  Ynetnews

Hezbollah claims it has handed over most sites in southern Lebanon to nation’s army - The Times of IsraelHezbollah claims it has handed over most sites in southern Lebanon to nation’s army  The Times of Israel

At least two killed in Israeli strikes on southern Lebanon - Al JazeeraAt least two killed in Israeli strikes on southern Lebanon  Al Jazeera

Lebanon’s strong civil society model should be preserved - Arab NewsLebanon’s strong civil society model should be preserved  Arab News

Israel says its troops will remain in Gaza, Lebanon and Syria indefinitely - Al JazeeraIsrael says its troops will remain in Gaza, Lebanon and Syria indefinitely  Al Jazeera

Lebanon to Iran envoy: Refrain from interfering in country’s internal affairs - Al Arabiya EnglishLebanon to Iran envoy: Refrain from interfering in country’s internal affairs  Al Arabiya English

Lebanon gets $250 million World Bank loan to ease electricity crisis - ABC NewsLebanon gets $250 million World Bank loan to ease electricity crisis  ABC News

Is Lebanon’s new central bank governor ‘another Riad Salameh’? - Al JazeeraIs Lebanon’s new central bank governor ‘another Riad Salameh’?  Al Jazeera

Lebanon hopes to meet foreign bondholders in coming year, finance minister says - ReutersLebanon hopes to meet foreign bondholders in coming year, finance minister says  Reuters

EcoArt Mosaic – Where Recycling Meets Creativity in Lebanon - European CommissionEcoArt Mosaic – Where Recycling Meets Creativity in Lebanon  European Commission

Eight municipal councils win uncontested in Chouf, Lebanon - LBCI LebanonEight municipal councils win uncontested in Chouf, Lebanon  LBCI Lebanon

Israeli strikes kill two in Lebanon, Hezbollah chief says 'will not let anyone disarm' it - France 24Israeli strikes kill two in Lebanon, Hezbollah chief says 'will not let anyone disarm' it  France 24

Syria says artillery shells fired from Lebanon hit army sites - Anadolu AjansiSyria says artillery shells fired from Lebanon hit army sites  Anadolu Ajansi

Lebanon seeks $300m to sustain social support - thenationalnews.comLebanon seeks $300m to sustain social support  thenationalnews.com

Why Lebanon's Joseph Aoun is treading cautiously on the issue of disarming Hezbollah - thenationalnews.comWhy Lebanon's Joseph Aoun is treading cautiously on the issue of disarming Hezbollah  thenationalnews.com

Updates: Israeli forces kill many in attacks on tent camps in Gaza - Al JazeeraUpdates: Israeli forces kill many in attacks on tent camps in Gaza  Al Jazeera

Syria’s Role in the Lebanese Civil War of 1975–1990 - Arab Center Washington DCSyria’s Role in the Lebanese Civil War of 1975–1990  Arab Center Washington DC

Lebanon's central bank denies statements attributed to governor in Washington - LBCI LebanonLebanon's central bank denies statements attributed to governor in Washington  LBCI Lebanon

Lebanon’s Recovery and Reconstruction Needs Estimated at US$11 Billion - World BankLebanon’s Recovery and Reconstruction Needs Estimated at US$11 Billion  World Bank

Israel strikes Lebanon’s Beirut testing fragile truce with Hezbollah - Al JazeeraIsrael strikes Lebanon’s Beirut testing fragile truce with Hezbollah  Al Jazeera

UN officials call for ceasefire compliance after 15 people killed in Lebanon - UN NewsUN officials call for ceasefire compliance after 15 people killed in Lebanon  UN News

Four killed in Israeli strike on Beirut, Lebanon says, despite ceasefire - BBCFour killed in Israeli strike on Beirut, Lebanon says, despite ceasefire  BBC

Hezbollah ‘will not let anyone disarm it,’ vows leader Naim Qassem - The Times of IsraelHezbollah ‘will not let anyone disarm it,’ vows leader Naim Qassem  The Times of Israel

IAF strike kills senior Hamas-linked terrorist in Lebanon - JNS.orgIAF strike kills senior Hamas-linked terrorist in Lebanon  JNS.org

Lebanon’s president says he seeks to disarm Hezbollah this year - CNNLebanon’s president says he seeks to disarm Hezbollah this year  CNN

IDF targets 2 Hezbollah operatives ‘rebuilding terror infrastructure’ in Lebanon - The Times of IsraelIDF targets 2 Hezbollah operatives ‘rebuilding terror infrastructure’ in Lebanon  The Times of Israel

LEBANON - VATICAN Pope Francis 'sentinel' of the values of unity and diversity in Lebanon - AsiaNewsLEBANON - VATICAN Pope Francis 'sentinel' of the values of unity and diversity in Lebanon  AsiaNews

Deep Dive: 50 years after Lebanon’s bloody civil war - Arab NewsDeep Dive: 50 years after Lebanon’s bloody civil war  Arab News

Lebanon's bank customers won't see the $93 billion they are owed 'any time soon' - thenationalnews.comLebanon's bank customers won't see the $93 billion they are owed 'any time soon'  thenationalnews.com

A weakened Hezbollah leads some in Lebanon to talk of peace with Israel as US pushes sides together - Fox NewsA weakened Hezbollah leads some in Lebanon to talk of peace with Israel as US pushes sides together  Fox News

Lebanese authorities detain people they say were planning rocket attacks on Israel - AP NewsLebanese authorities detain people they say were planning rocket attacks on Israel  AP News

Lebanon displays bullet-riddled bus to commemorate start of civil war, 50 years on - France 24Lebanon displays bullet-riddled bus to commemorate start of civil war, 50 years on  France 24

Lebanon, Syria commemorate 110th Armenian genocide anniversary - The New ArabLebanon, Syria commemorate 110th Armenian genocide anniversary  The New Arab

50 years after Lebanon’s civil war began, a bullet-riddled bus stands as a reminder - AP News50 years after Lebanon’s civil war began, a bullet-riddled bus stands as a reminder  AP News

Double Dealers: Lebanon and the Risks of Captagon Trafficking - Carnegie Endowment for International PeaceDouble Dealers: Lebanon and the Risks of Captagon Trafficking  Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

Lebanon is removing Hezbollah flags and posters amid rising calls for disarmament - The Times of IsraelLebanon is removing Hezbollah flags and posters amid rising calls for disarmament  The Times of Israel

Lebanese PM visits Syria’s president to reset years of strained relations - Al JazeeraLebanese PM visits Syria’s president to reset years of strained relations  Al Jazeera

Islamist leader among 2 dead in air strikes on Lebanon - Arab NewsIslamist leader among 2 dead in air strikes on Lebanon  Arab News

Lebanon: World Bank approves $250 million loan with plans to increase to $400 million - Economy Middle EastLebanon: World Bank approves $250 million loan with plans to increase to $400 million  Economy Middle East

Beirut Secures $250 Million Loan From World Bank To Rehabilitate Lebanon's Electricity Sector - Iran - Iran Front PageBeirut Secures $250 Million Loan From World Bank To Rehabilitate Lebanon's Electricity Sector - Iran  Iran Front Page

Surprisingly, the Lebanon-Israel Cease-Fire Is Holding - Foreign PolicySurprisingly, the Lebanon-Israel Cease-Fire Is Holding  Foreign Policy

At WBG, IMF Spring Meetings Minister of Finance participates in roundtable on financing Lebanon recovery, reconstruction - The Peninsula QatarAt WBG, IMF Spring Meetings Minister of Finance participates in roundtable on financing Lebanon recovery, reconstruction  The Peninsula Qatar

Lebanese parliament speaker rejects disarmament of Hezbollah amid Israeli aggression - PressTVLebanese parliament speaker rejects disarmament of Hezbollah amid Israeli aggression  PressTV

Israel strikes Beirut for first time since Hezbollah ceasefire | Lebanon - The GuardianIsrael strikes Beirut for first time since Hezbollah ceasefire | Lebanon  The Guardian

Lebanon FM to summon Iranian envoy over X post on Hezbollah arms - The New ArabLebanon FM to summon Iranian envoy over X post on Hezbollah arms  The New Arab

Lebanon: Order of Malta commits to be part of the solution "at any cost" - Vatican NewsLebanon: Order of Malta commits to be part of the solution "at any cost"  Vatican News

A domestic worker’s journey to becoming a community leader in Lebanon - ohchrA domestic worker’s journey to becoming a community leader in Lebanon  ohchr

Israel Is Using U.S. Bombs in Lebanon to Commit Alleged War Crimes - Drop Site NewsIsrael Is Using U.S. Bombs in Lebanon to Commit Alleged War Crimes  Drop Site News

While Israel aims for land border deal with Lebanon, history weighs heavy - The Times of IsraelWhile Israel aims for land border deal with Lebanon, history weighs heavy  The Times of Israel

Lebanon signs $250 million World Bank loan for electricity reform - Yahoo FinanceLebanon signs $250 million World Bank loan for electricity reform  Yahoo Finance

Israel-Hezbollah ceasefire: Why is Israel still in southern Lebanon? - Al JazeeraIsrael-Hezbollah ceasefire: Why is Israel still in southern Lebanon?  Al Jazeera

IDF kills senior Jama'a Islamiya terrorist in Lebanon - The Jerusalem PostIDF kills senior Jama'a Islamiya terrorist in Lebanon  The Jerusalem Post

Islamist group leader killed in Israeli strikes on Lebanon - Le Monde.frIslamist group leader killed in Israeli strikes on Lebanon  Le Monde.fr

Clearing Lebanon’s War Rubble - New Lines MagazineClearing Lebanon’s War Rubble  New Lines Magazine

Jedi mind tricks: The enemy's cognitive war on Lebanon - thecradle.coJedi mind tricks: The enemy's cognitive war on Lebanon  thecradle.co

Report: 400 Hezbollah operatives and their families have left Lebanon over safety concerns - The Times of IsraelReport: 400 Hezbollah operatives and their families have left Lebanon over safety concerns  The Times of Israel