Iran

Country Iran
Capital Tehran
Continent Asia
Currency Rial(IRR)
Languages Persian, Azerbaijani, Kurdish, Lurish, Gilaki, Balochi, Mazandarani, Arabic, Turkmen, Armenian & Georgian

Information

Introduction

Known as Persia until 1935, Iran became an Islamic republic in 1979 after the ruling monarchy was overthrown and Shah Mohammad Reza PAHLAVI was forced into exile. Conservative clerical forces established a theocratic system of government with ultimate political authority vested in a learned religious scholar referred to commonly as the Supreme Leader who, according to the constitution, is accountable only to the Assembly of Experts - a popularly elected 86-member body of clerics. US-Iranian relations have been strained since a group of Iranian students seized the US Embassy in Tehran on 4 November 1979 and held it until 20 January 1981. During 1980-88, Iran fought a bloody, indecisive war with Iraq that eventually expanded into the Persian Gulf and led to clashes between US Navy and Iranian military forces between 1987 and 1988. Iran has been designated a state sponsor of terrorism for its activities in Lebanon and elsewhere in the world and remains subject to US, UN, and EU economic sanctions and export controls because of its continued involvement in terrorism and its nuclear weapons ambitions. Following the election of reformer Hojjat ol-Eslam Mohammad KHATAMI as president in 1997 and a reformist Majles (legislature) in 2000, a campaign to foster political reform in response to popular dissatisfaction was initiated. The movement floundered as conservative politicians, through the control of unelected institutions, prevented reform measures from being enacted and increased repressive measures. Starting with nationwide municipal elections in 2003 and continuing through Majles elections in 2004, conservatives reestablished control over Iran's elected government institutions, which culminated with the August 2005 inauguration of hardliner Mahmud AHMADI-NEJAD as president. His controversial reelection in June 2009 sparked nationwide protests over allegations of electoral fraud. The UN Security Council has passed a number of resolutions (1696 in July 2006, 1737 in December 2006, 1747 in March 2007, 1803 in March 2008, and 1835 in September 2008) calling for Iran to suspend its uranium enrichment and reprocessing activities and comply with its IAEA obligations and responsibilities. Resolutions 1737, 1477, and 1803 subject a number of Iranian individuals and entities involved in Iran's nuclear and ballistic missile programs to sanctions. Additionally, several Iranian entities are subject to US sanctions under Executive Order 13382 designations for proliferation activities and EO 13224 designations for support of terrorism.

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References

Iran - Wikipedia
Iran - CIA World Fact Book
Iran - BBC
Iran - National Geographic
Iran - Timeline - BBC

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US Sanctions Over 50 Firms, Including Indian Nationals, Over Iran Oil Trade - NDTV
  1. US Sanctions Over 50 Firms, Including Indian Nationals, Over Iran Oil Trade  NDTV
  2. Indian entities among dozens sanctioned by US over Iran oil trade | Latest News India  Hindustan Times
  3. US sanctions 9 Indian companies, 8 Indian nationals over alleged participation in Iran’s energy trade  The Indian Express


Apocalypse Gulf: Iran-Israel Tensions Reach New Heights - Deccan HeraldApocalypse Gulf: Iran-Israel Tensions Reach New Heights  Deccan Herald

The Night American Pilots Became Israel’s Shield Against Iran – Know The Full Story - Zee NewsThe Night American Pilots Became Israel’s Shield Against Iran – Know The Full Story  Zee News

Khamenei lifts ALL cap on Iran's missile range? Here's what we know - WIONKhamenei lifts ALL cap on Iran's missile range? Here's what we know  WION

Special Report - For Years, Iran Planned a Simultaneous Invasion of Israel – Only One Was Carried Out - Alma Research and Education CenterSpecial Report - For Years, Iran Planned a Simultaneous Invasion of Israel – Only One Was Carried Out  Alma Research and Education Center

'If Iran got nuclear weapons, peace deal would not have been possible': Trump - ANI News'If Iran got nuclear weapons, peace deal would not have been possible': Trump  ANI News

Putin hails Trump’s Gaza plan, Iran welcomes ceasefire as ‘step toward ending genocide’ - The Indian ExpressPutin hails Trump’s Gaza plan, Iran welcomes ceasefire as ‘step toward ending genocide’  The Indian Express

Shin Bet says it seized advanced Iranian arms destined for West Bank terrorists - The Times of IsraelShin Bet says it seized advanced Iranian arms destined for West Bank terrorists  The Times of Israel

Putin conveys Israeli ‘disinterest’ in war as Iran-Russia strategic accord enters force - Amwaj.mediaPutin conveys Israeli ‘disinterest’ in war as Iran-Russia strategic accord enters force  Amwaj.media

Iran Plans Shock Strike While Israel and U.S. Focus Solely on Gaza? Chilling Warning Issued - Times of IndiaIran Plans Shock Strike While Israel and U.S. Focus Solely on Gaza? Chilling Warning Issued  Times of India

Trump sanctions hit! Indian nationals among 50 entities sanctioned by US for facilitating Iran oil, LPG e - Times of IndiaTrump sanctions hit! Indian nationals among 50 entities sanctioned by US for facilitating Iran oil, LPG e  Times of India

US sanctions 50 entities, including Indian firms, over Iran oil trade - Business StandardUS sanctions 50 entities, including Indian firms, over Iran oil trade  Business Standard

Sanctions on India: US Targets Indian Nationals in Iran Trade - Deccan HeraldSanctions on India: US Targets Indian Nationals in Iran Trade  Deccan Herald

US imposes sanctions on China refinery, others for Iran oil purchases - ReutersUS imposes sanctions on China refinery, others for Iran oil purchases  Reuters

US sanctions over 50 entities for aiding Iran’s energy trade, including two Indian nationals - The New Indian ExpressUS sanctions over 50 entities for aiding Iran’s energy trade, including two Indian nationals  The New Indian Express

Indian nationals among over 50 entities sanctioned by US for aiding Iran's energy trade | All you need to know - MintIndian nationals among over 50 entities sanctioned by US for aiding Iran's energy trade | All you need to know  Mint

US sanctions over 50 entities, including Indians, over links to Iran oil trade - indiatoday.inUS sanctions over 50 entities, including Indians, over links to Iran oil trade  indiatoday.in

Iran, a Longtime Hamas Backer, Signals Support for Truce Deal With Israel - The New York TimesIran, a Longtime Hamas Backer, Signals Support for Truce Deal With Israel  The New York Times

US Expands Iran Sanctions to Target Indian Shipping Firms Facilitating Oil and LPG Trade - Logistics InsiderUS Expands Iran Sanctions to Target Indian Shipping Firms Facilitating Oil and LPG Trade  Logistics Insider

Attack on Iran advanced Gaza deal and Tehran will join peace, Trump says - ????? ??????????Attack on Iran advanced Gaza deal and Tehran will join peace, Trump says  ????? ??????????

Indian nationals and over 50 entities sanctioned by US for aiding Iran’s energy exports - Mathrubhumi EnglishIndian nationals and over 50 entities sanctioned by US for aiding Iran’s energy exports  Mathrubhumi English

Iran hangs ‘one of the most important’ spies for Israel in latest execution - Al JazeeraIran hangs ‘one of the most important’ spies for Israel in latest execution  Al Jazeera

US imposes fresh sanctions on Indian nationals, firms over Iran's energy exports | Latest News India - Hindustan TimesUS imposes fresh sanctions on Indian nationals, firms over Iran's energy exports | Latest News India  Hindustan Times

US sanctions over 50 entities, including 2 Indian nationals, for aiding Iran’s energy trade - The Indian ExpressUS sanctions over 50 entities, including 2 Indian nationals, for aiding Iran’s energy trade  The Indian Express

US Sanctions Over 50 Entities Including Indian Nationals For Aiding Iran’s Oil Exports - BW BusinessworldUS Sanctions Over 50 Entities Including Indian Nationals For Aiding Iran’s Oil Exports  BW Businessworld

Iran demands Israel be held to deal commitments, alleges ‘deceit and duplicity’ - The Times of IsraelIran demands Israel be held to deal commitments, alleges ‘deceit and duplicity’  The Times of Israel

‘Dismantling key elements to degrade Iran’s cash flow’: Trump issues fresh sanctions on Indian nationals and firms over oil trade - financialexpress.com‘Dismantling key elements to degrade Iran’s cash flow’: Trump issues fresh sanctions on Indian nationals and firms over oil trade  financialexpress.com

Indian Nationals Among 50 Entities Sanctioned By US For Facilitating Iran Oil - Times NowIndian Nationals Among 50 Entities Sanctioned By US For Facilitating Iran Oil  Times Now

US targets China-Iran energy trade, sanctions firms exporting Iranian oil and gas - FirstpostUS targets China-Iran energy trade, sanctions firms exporting Iranian oil and gas  Firstpost

Israel wants peace with Iran: Putin - News Arena IndiaIsrael wants peace with Iran: Putin  News Arena India

If Iran Got Nuclear Weapons, Peace Deal Would Not Have Been Possible: Trump - NDTVIf Iran Got Nuclear Weapons, Peace Deal Would Not Have Been Possible: Trump  NDTV

Iran’s Hidden Missile Test Exposed; Satellite Images Shock Trump & Bibi As They Brace For Impact - Times of IndiaIran’s Hidden Missile Test Exposed; Satellite Images Shock Trump & Bibi As They Brace For Impact  Times of India

Iraq braces for knock-on effects as UN sanctions on Iran return - Amwaj.mediaIraq braces for knock-on effects as UN sanctions on Iran return  Amwaj.media

US sanctions 50 including two Indian nationals over Iran energy exports - The FederalUS sanctions 50 including two Indian nationals over Iran energy exports  The Federal

US Hits Firms Moving Iranian Oil and Major Crude Import Terminal - Bloomberg.comUS Hits Firms Moving Iranian Oil and Major Crude Import Terminal  Bloomberg.com

Iran sanctions reimposed 10 years after landmark nuclear deal - BBCIran sanctions reimposed 10 years after landmark nuclear deal  BBC

US cracks down on China-Iran oil trade: Sanctions 100 individuals, Chinese refineries, and fleet vessels - MintUS cracks down on China-Iran oil trade: Sanctions 100 individuals, Chinese refineries, and fleet vessels  Mint

Trump administration imposes sanctions on Chinese firms linked to Iran oil - MoneycontrolTrump administration imposes sanctions on Chinese firms linked to Iran oil  Moneycontrol

How Iran ships oil around the world despite sanctions - DWHow Iran ships oil around the world despite sanctions  DW

Why US sanctioned Indian nationals, firms: 'Dismantling key elements of...' | Latest News India - Hindustan TimesWhy US sanctioned Indian nationals, firms: 'Dismantling key elements of...' | Latest News India  Hindustan Times

Sweeping Ofac sanctions target Iranian LPG shadow fleet - Lloyd's ListSweeping Ofac sanctions target Iranian LPG shadow fleet  Lloyd's List

Iran MP moves to block joining UN terror-financing pact - ????? ??????????Iran MP moves to block joining UN terror-financing pact  ????? ??????????

US hits Iranian energy export network and Chinese import hub in sweeping sanctions move - Splash247US hits Iranian energy export network and Chinese import hub in sweeping sanctions move  Splash247

Iran Lures Transgender Foreigners for Surgery but Forces Operations on Locals - The New York TimesIran Lures Transgender Foreigners for Surgery but Forces Operations on Locals  The New York Times

Putin: Israel asked me to tell Iran it does not seek escalation - Middle East MonitorPutin: Israel asked me to tell Iran it does not seek escalation  Middle East Monitor

US sanctions Indian firms & individuals over links to Iran oil trade | 2 Chinese refineries were also sanctioned | Inshorts - InshortsUS sanctions Indian firms & individuals over links to Iran oil trade | 2 Chinese refineries were also sanctioned | Inshorts  Inshorts

Berlin businesswoman linked to Iran's sanctioned oil trade - ZDF - ????? ??????????Berlin businesswoman linked to Iran's sanctioned oil trade - ZDF  ????? ??????????

U.S. sanctions sweeping Iran LPG, oil shipping network - upi.comU.S. sanctions sweeping Iran LPG, oil shipping network  upi.com

US imposes new sanctions targeting Iran’s oil export network - Anadolu AjansiUS imposes new sanctions targeting Iran’s oil export network  Anadolu Ajansi

How the US funded Israel’s wars on Gaza, Lebanon, Iran - Al JazeeraHow the US funded Israel’s wars on Gaza, Lebanon, Iran  Al Jazeera

Iran Divided Over Prospect of New War With Israel - IranWireIran Divided Over Prospect of New War With Israel  IranWire

Liberman sparks criticism after doubling down on warning of impending Iran attack - The Times of IsraelLiberman sparks criticism after doubling down on warning of impending Iran attack  The Times of Israel

Iran has taken care of millions of Afghan refugees with little international support | Letters - The GuardianIran has taken care of millions of Afghan refugees with little international support | Letters  The Guardian

US Sanctions 3 Indian Nationals For Trading With Iran Energy Sector - News18US Sanctions 3 Indian Nationals For Trading With Iran Energy Sector  News18

Russian FM says some parties seek to keep Gulf states wary of Iran - Middle East MonitorRussian FM says some parties seek to keep Gulf states wary of Iran  Middle East Monitor

Exclusive | How China Secretly Pays Iran for Oil and Avoids U.S. Sanctions - The Wall Street JournalExclusive | How China Secretly Pays Iran for Oil and Avoids U.S. Sanctions  The Wall Street Journal

The 12 Days of War That Didn’t Ignite the Middle East or the World - War on the RocksThe 12 Days of War That Didn’t Ignite the Middle East or the World  War on the Rocks

Parliament in Panic: Iranian Regime Lawmakers Admit to Deepening Economic Collapse - National Council of Resistance of Iran - NCRIParliament in Panic: Iranian Regime Lawmakers Admit to Deepening Economic Collapse  National Council of Resistance of Iran - NCRI

US sanctions firms in China, Turkey and UAE over Iran links - ????? ??????????US sanctions firms in China, Turkey and UAE over Iran links  ????? ??????????

Student’s petition objects to authors in Iran course’s syllabus - Yale Daily NewsStudent’s petition objects to authors in Iran course’s syllabus  Yale Daily News

TEHRAN BLOG: The illusion of hijab law abolishment in Iran - bne IntelliNewsTEHRAN BLOG: The illusion of hijab law abolishment in Iran  bne IntelliNews

Iran faces deepening water crisis as key reservoirs hit record lows - ????? ??????????Iran faces deepening water crisis as key reservoirs hit record lows  ????? ??????????

Explained: Why US Has Sanctioned Indian Nationals And Firms Over Iranian Oil Trade - Zee NewsExplained: Why US Has Sanctioned Indian Nationals And Firms Over Iranian Oil Trade  Zee News

Trump says Iran 'wants to work on peace,' is 'totally in favor of' Gaza deal - Anadolu AjansiTrump says Iran 'wants to work on peace,' is 'totally in favor of' Gaza deal  Anadolu Ajansi

Global Outcry Erupts as Iran's Regime Upholds Death Sentence for Political Prisoner Mohammad Javad Vafaei-Sani - National Council of Resistance of Iran - NCRIGlobal Outcry Erupts as Iran's Regime Upholds Death Sentence for Political Prisoner Mohammad Javad Vafaei-Sani  National Council of Resistance of Iran - NCRI

Chinese Units of US Chip Firm Sanctioned Over Ties to Iran - Bloomberg.comChinese Units of US Chip Firm Sanctioned Over Ties to Iran  Bloomberg.com

Putin: Israel asked to deliver message to Iran of no desire for war - PressTVPutin: Israel asked to deliver message to Iran of no desire for war  PressTV

US sanctions dozens of people, companies, ships over links to Iran oil exports - The Times of IsraelUS sanctions dozens of people, companies, ships over links to Iran oil exports  The Times of Israel

US imposes new sanctions on Iranian petroleum exports - Financial TimesUS imposes new sanctions on Iranian petroleum exports  Financial Times

UNSC to vote on proposal to delay looming Iran sanctions - Al JazeeraUNSC to vote on proposal to delay looming Iran sanctions  Al Jazeera

Tehran revives Shah’s defense interview to justify power doctrine - ????? ??????????Tehran revives Shah’s defense interview to justify power doctrine  ????? ??????????

Pakistan, Iran border in Mashkel reopens after four years - Asia News NetworkPakistan, Iran border in Mashkel reopens after four years  Asia News Network

Report: Iran Tested Its Intercontinental Ballistic Missile Last Month - WIONReport: Iran Tested Its Intercontinental Ballistic Missile Last Month  WION

Gaza Ceasefire: Trump Says Iran Will Be Part Of Peace In West Asia - WIONGaza Ceasefire: Trump Says Iran Will Be Part Of Peace In West Asia  WION

US Treasury Department sanctions another 50 entities and vessels involved in Iranian oil and LPG trade - Baird MaritimeUS Treasury Department sanctions another 50 entities and vessels involved in Iranian oil and LPG trade  Baird Maritime

Food Inflation Surges in Iran - Middle East ForumFood Inflation Surges in Iran  Middle East Forum

Sanctions against Iran set to snap back after UN Security Council vote - Al JazeeraSanctions against Iran set to snap back after UN Security Council vote  Al Jazeera

Iran News in Brief – October 10, 2025 - National Council of Resistance of Iran - NCRIIran News in Brief – October 10, 2025  National Council of Resistance of Iran - NCRI

Russia, Iran deepen nuclear cooperation with focus on small reactors - AL-MonitorRussia, Iran deepen nuclear cooperation with focus on small reactors  AL-Monitor

Iran Parliament Drops Nuclear Bombshell On Europe; Launches Emergency Plan To Exit Nuke Treaty - Times of IndiaIran Parliament Drops Nuclear Bombshell On Europe; Launches Emergency Plan To Exit Nuke Treaty  Times of India

Continuation of U.S. “Maximum Pressure” on Iran: Sanctions Imposed on Over 50 Individuals, Entities, and Vessels Over Oil Sales - WANA News AgencyContinuation of U.S. “Maximum Pressure” on Iran: Sanctions Imposed on Over 50 Individuals, Entities, and Vessels Over Oil Sales  WANA News Agency

US Sanctions Over 50 Entities For Aiding Iran’s Oil Trade, Indian Nationals Included - Outlook IndiaUS Sanctions Over 50 Entities For Aiding Iran’s Oil Trade, Indian Nationals Included  Outlook India

New Iran law to up Starlink punishments, use for spying will carry death - ????? ??????????New Iran law to up Starlink punishments, use for spying will carry death  ????? ??????????

US sanctions alleged network tied to Iran energy exports, US-made chips - ????? ??????????US sanctions alleged network tied to Iran energy exports, US-made chips  ????? ??????????

Victory, blame, regret: Iranians reacts to Gaza ceasefire deal - ????? ??????????Victory, blame, regret: Iranians reacts to Gaza ceasefire deal  ????? ??????????

Iran Defense Ministry Spox: Israel Forced To Sign Agreement With Hamas - Iran Front Page - Iran Front Page - IFP NewsIran Defense Ministry Spox: Israel Forced To Sign Agreement With Hamas - Iran Front Page  Iran Front Page - IFP News

Iran’s Moeini snatches silver at 2025 World Weightlifting Championships - Tehran TimesIran’s Moeini snatches silver at 2025 World Weightlifting Championships  Tehran Times

Khamenei lifted all limits on missile range, senior Iranian MP says - ????? ??????????Khamenei lifted all limits on missile range, senior Iranian MP says  ????? ??????????

China vows necessary measures to safeguard its own energy security, FM on reported US sanctions on Chinese refinery, terminal over alleged Iran oil trade - Global TimesChina vows necessary measures to safeguard its own energy security, FM on reported US sanctions on Chinese refinery, terminal over alleged Iran oil trade  Global Times

Tehran set to implement law expanding death penalty to online offenses - ????? ??????????Tehran set to implement law expanding death penalty to online offenses  ????? ??????????

Iran Update, October 9, 2025 - Critical ThreatsIran Update, October 9, 2025  Critical Threats

New US sanctions on independent Chinese refinery aim to curb Iran’s oil exports - TradingViewNew US sanctions on independent Chinese refinery aim to curb Iran’s oil exports  TradingView

Russia, Iran sign nuclear power plants deal as sanctions loom - Al JazeeraRussia, Iran sign nuclear power plants deal as sanctions loom  Al Jazeera

Iran will support any move to end Gaza genocide: Spokesperson - ABNA EnglishIran will support any move to end Gaza genocide: Spokesperson  ABNA English

Iran and Russia sign $25bn nuclear plant deal - Al JazeeraIran and Russia sign $25bn nuclear plant deal  Al Jazeera

Iran executed 72 people in first nine days of October, rights group says - ????? ??????????Iran executed 72 people in first nine days of October, rights group says  ????? ??????????

UN says no record of Guterres' remark on Iran regime toppling - ????? ??????????UN says no record of Guterres' remark on Iran regime toppling  ????? ??????????

US sanctions over 50 entities, including Indians, over links to Iran oil trade - MSNUS sanctions over 50 entities, including Indians, over links to Iran oil trade  MSN

U.S. Targets Iran’s Shadow Fleet with Massive Sanctions Package - gCaptainU.S. Targets Iran’s Shadow Fleet with Massive Sanctions Package  gCaptain

Iranians fear more economic pain, war as UN sanctions snapback - Al JazeeraIranians fear more economic pain, war as UN sanctions snapback  Al Jazeera