Poland

Country Poland
Capital Warsaw
Continent Europe
Currency ZĹ‚oty(PLN)
Languages Polish & Kashubian

Information

Introduction

Poland is an ancient nation that was conceived near the middle of the 10th century. Its golden age occurred in the 16th century. During the following century, the strengthening of the gentry and internal disorders weakened the nation. In a series of agreements between 1772 and 1795, Russia, Prussia, and Austria partitioned Poland amongst themselves. Poland regained its independence in 1918 only to be overrun by Germany and the Soviet Union in World War II. It became a Soviet satellite state following the war, but its government was comparatively tolerant and progressive. Labor turmoil in 1980 led to the formation of the independent trade union "Solidarity" that over time became a political force and by 1990 had swept parliamentary elections and the presidency. A "shock therapy" program during the early 1990s enabled the country to transform its economy into one of the most robust in Central Europe, but Poland still faces the lingering challenges of high unemployment, underdeveloped and dilapidated infrastructure, and a poor rural underclass. Solidarity suffered a major defeat in the 2001 parliamentary elections when it failed to elect a single deputy to the lower house of Parliament, and the new leaders of the Solidarity Trade Union subsequently pledged to reduce the Trade Union's political role. Poland joined NATO in 1999 and the European Union in 2004. With its transformation to a democratic, market-oriented country largely completed, Poland is an increasingly active member of Euro-Atlantic organizations.

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References

Poland - Wikipedia
Poland - CIA World Fact Book
Poland - BBC
Poland - National Geographic
Poland - Timeline - BBC

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Poland, US To Sign Air Defence Deal Worth Nearly $2 Billion - NDTVPoland, US To Sign Air Defence Deal Worth Nearly $2 Billion  NDTV

Poland signs $2bn air defence deal with US - Notes From PolandPoland signs $2bn air defence deal with US  Notes From Poland

Poland signs $2bn Patriot missile deal with US amid calls for EU air-defence shield - FirstpostPoland signs $2bn Patriot missile deal with US amid calls for EU air-defence shield  Firstpost

‘Poland, India next?’ Donald Trump's ‘dumb’ Greenland agenda mocked by House Democrat - Hindustan Times‘Poland, India next?’ Donald Trump's ‘dumb’ Greenland agenda mocked by House Democrat  Hindustan Times

Videos of mass Muslim prayers in Poland stir controversy - Notes From PolandVideos of mass Muslim prayers in Poland stir controversy  Notes From Poland

Poland’s ammo dwindles as Ukraine aid drains stockpiles fast - BulgarianMilitary.comPoland’s ammo dwindles as Ukraine aid drains stockpiles fast  BulgarianMilitary.com

Plane carrying students to Poland from 5 Israeli high schools makes emergency landing in Turkey - The Times of IsraelPlane carrying students to Poland from 5 Israeli high schools makes emergency landing in Turkey  The Times of Israel

Razor wire, CCTV, and heat sensors: Poland doubles down on security with 5-metre-high border fortress as P - The Economic TimesRazor wire, CCTV, and heat sensors: Poland doubles down on security with 5-metre-high border fortress as P  The Economic Times

Poland shares higher at close of trade; WIG30 up 1.73% - Investing.com IndiaPoland shares higher at close of trade; WIG30 up 1.73%  Investing.com India

Poland charges Ukrainian man with scouting Polish military facilities on behalf of Russia - theweek.inPoland charges Ukrainian man with scouting Polish military facilities on behalf of Russia  theweek.in

China, Japan, India, Malaysia, Russia, Turkey, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan ,Italy, Poland, Spain, South Korea And More Countries Propel Gilan’s Tourism To New Heights With Over Six Million Visitors During Nowruz China, Japan, India, Malaysia, Russia, Turkey, - Travel And Tour WorldChina, Japan, India, Malaysia, Russia, Turkey, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan ,Italy, Poland, Spain, South Korea And More Countries Propel Gilan’s Tourism To New Heights With Over Six Million Visitors During Nowruz China, Japan, India, Malaysia, Russia, Turkey,  Travel And Tour World

Poland’s only nuclear reactor halts operation amid licensing delay - Notes From PolandPoland’s only nuclear reactor halts operation amid licensing delay  Notes From Poland

Poland to sign air defence deal with US worth almost $2 billion - ReutersPoland to sign air defence deal with US worth almost $2 billion  Reuters

Poland factory activity sees strongest growth in nearly three years - PMI - TradingViewPoland factory activity sees strongest growth in nearly three years - PMI  TradingView

Poland detains Ukrainian suspected of spying for Russia. - The Kyiv IndependentPoland detains Ukrainian suspected of spying for Russia.  The Kyiv Independent

Polska Grupa Biogazowa announces 20th biogas investment in Poland - Bioenergy InsightPolska Grupa Biogazowa announces 20th biogas investment in Poland  Bioenergy Insight

News: Secretary General reaffirms transatlantic unity in Warsaw: There is no alternative to NATO, 26-Mar.-2025 - NATO - HomepageNews: Secretary General reaffirms transatlantic unity in Warsaw: There is no alternative to NATO, 26-Mar.-2025  NATO - Homepage

Poland: Protection Sector Terms of Reference (March 2025) - ReliefWebPoland: Protection Sector Terms of Reference (March 2025)  ReliefWeb

Poland: Labor Market Test Eliminated; Stricter Contract and Notification Requirements for Employers - FragomenPoland: Labor Market Test Eliminated; Stricter Contract and Notification Requirements for Employers  Fragomen

Poland - Factors to Watch April 1 - TradingViewPoland - Factors to Watch April 1  TradingView

Poland stocks higher at close of trade; WIG30 up 1.73% - Investing.comPoland stocks higher at close of trade; WIG30 up 1.73%  Investing.com

Poland's general government deficit at 6.6% of GDP in 2024, says stats office - TradingViewPoland's general government deficit at 6.6% of GDP in 2024, says stats office  TradingView

European Parliament strips Polish opposition politicians of immunity - Notes From PolandEuropean Parliament strips Polish opposition politicians of immunity  Notes From Poland

Poland's general government deficit rises to 6.6% of GDP in 2024 - TradingViewPoland's general government deficit rises to 6.6% of GDP in 2024  TradingView

An urgent appeal for support: one month to save Notes from Poland - Notes From PolandAn urgent appeal for support: one month to save Notes from Poland  Notes From Poland

Poland pushes for EU to scrap daylight saving time - Notes From PolandPoland pushes for EU to scrap daylight saving time  Notes From Poland

Poland suspends right of migrants to apply for asylum - Euronews.comPoland suspends right of migrants to apply for asylum  Euronews.com

Poland to Sign $2 Billion Deal With US for Air-Defense Program - Bloomberg.comPoland to Sign $2 Billion Deal With US for Air-Defense Program  Bloomberg.com

CinemaCon: Dolby Cinema Arriving in India, Helios Brings Christie Laser Projection to Poland - VarietyCinemaCon: Dolby Cinema Arriving in India, Helios Brings Christie Laser Projection to Poland  Variety

ArcelorMittal launches heat recovery system at Dabrowa Górnicza plant - GMK CenterArcelorMittal launches heat recovery system at Dabrowa Górnicza plant  GMK Center

Israeli teens stranded in Turkey land safely in Poland - JNS.orgIsraeli teens stranded in Turkey land safely in Poland  JNS.org

EBRD supports growth of private credit in Poland - EBRDEBRD supports growth of private credit in Poland  EBRD

No foot and mouth disease detected in Poland but "threat greater than ever", says agriculture minister - Notes From PolandNo foot and mouth disease detected in Poland but "threat greater than ever", says agriculture minister  Notes From Poland

Poland charges Ukrainian with spying for Russia - ReutersPoland charges Ukrainian with spying for Russia  Reuters

France, Italy and Poland Tourism to Shine as Ryanair Expands Summer Schedule with New Routes to Rome, Salerno and Katowice from Brussels Charleroi - Travel And Tour WorldFrance, Italy and Poland Tourism to Shine as Ryanair Expands Summer Schedule with New Routes to Rome, Salerno and Katowice from Brussels Charleroi  Travel And Tour World

South Korea to Export 180 More K2 Tanks to Poland in $6.2 Billion Deal - Overt Defense -South Korea to Export 180 More K2 Tanks to Poland in $6.2 Billion Deal  Overt Defense -

Poland suspends migrants' right to apply for asylum - BBCPoland suspends migrants' right to apply for asylum  BBC

Poland's Manufacturing Hits Nearly Three-Year High In March - FinimizePoland's Manufacturing Hits Nearly Three-Year High In March  Finimize

National Bank of Poland forced to amend hawkish stance amid lower inflation - ING ThinkNational Bank of Poland forced to amend hawkish stance amid lower inflation  ING Think

Can the radical right candidate win Poland’s presidential election? - Notes From PolandCan the radical right candidate win Poland’s presidential election?  Notes From Poland

Training in Psychological First Aid for children - ReliefWebTraining in Psychological First Aid for children  ReliefWeb

Poland suspends right to asylum at Belarus border - Notes From PolandPoland suspends right to asylum at Belarus border  Notes From Poland

Poland: Alstom to Modernise Rail Traffic Control on Poznan Freight Bypass - Railway-NewsPoland: Alstom to Modernise Rail Traffic Control on Poznan Freight Bypass  Railway-News

Galvion declares European production hub in Poland fully operational to serve NATO clients - Defence Industry EuropeGalvion declares European production hub in Poland fully operational to serve NATO clients  Defence Industry Europe

Poland signs $1.7 billion deal for infantry fighting vehicles - Defense NewsPoland signs $1.7 billion deal for infantry fighting vehicles  Defense News

St. John Paul II drives cause of freedom for humankind 20 years after death, say world leaders - OSV NewsSt. John Paul II drives cause of freedom for humankind 20 years after death, say world leaders  OSV News

The 13 best places to visit in Poland - Lonely PlanetThe 13 best places to visit in Poland  Lonely Planet

Poland introduces law allowing suspension of asylum rights - Notes From PolandPoland introduces law allowing suspension of asylum rights  Notes From Poland

UK and Poland Luxury Jewelry Market Size | CAGR of 9.9%. - Market.usUK and Poland Luxury Jewelry Market Size | CAGR of 9.9%.  Market.us

Flash News: Poland Expands Patriot Air Defense Missile Program with US Support Amid Rising Russian Threats - Army RecognitionFlash News: Poland Expands Patriot Air Defense Missile Program with US Support Amid Rising Russian Threats  Army Recognition

Digitain expands in Poland with Gamingtec partnership - Gaming IntelligenceDigitain expands in Poland with Gamingtec partnership  Gaming Intelligence

Poland gears up for war - politico.euPoland gears up for war  politico.eu

Cooperation ‘Better Than Confrontation,’ Polish PM Urges Trump - The Defense PostCooperation ‘Better Than Confrontation,’ Polish PM Urges Trump  The Defense Post

Woori Bank becomes first Korean bank to open in Poland - The Korea HeraldWoori Bank becomes first Korean bank to open in Poland  The Korea Herald

Israeli students' flight arrives safely in Poland after emergency stop in Turkey - The Jerusalem PostIsraeli students' flight arrives safely in Poland after emergency stop in Turkey  The Jerusalem Post

Poland plans to use EU Covid recovery funds for defence and security spending - Notes From PolandPoland plans to use EU Covid recovery funds for defence and security spending  Notes From Poland

Poland – Europe’s New Economic Powerhouse - Balkan InsightPoland – Europe’s New Economic Powerhouse  Balkan Insight

Poland: Stadler to Deliver 14 FLIRT Electric Trains to Koleje Mazowieckie - Railway-NewsPoland: Stadler to Deliver 14 FLIRT Electric Trains to Koleje Mazowieckie  Railway-News

Landmark Ruling on Trans Rights in Poland - Human Rights WatchLandmark Ruling on Trans Rights in Poland  Human Rights Watch

Israeli students reach Poland after being stranded at Turkey airport for more than 12 hours - The Times of IsraelIsraeli students reach Poland after being stranded at Turkey airport for more than 12 hours  The Times of Israel

Poland finances over half of 2025 borrowing needs by end of March - Investing.com IndiaPoland finances over half of 2025 borrowing needs by end of March  Investing.com India

NATO would defend Poland "with full force" if Russia attacks, says secretary general in Warsaw - Notes From PolandNATO would defend Poland "with full force" if Russia attacks, says secretary general in Warsaw  Notes From Poland

Poland to sign air defence deal with US worth almost $2 billion - The Economic TimesPoland to sign air defence deal with US worth almost $2 billion  The Economic Times

PGB kicks off construction of 22nd biogas plant in Poland - Renewables NowPGB kicks off construction of 22nd biogas plant in Poland  Renewables Now

NATO to Putin: Attack Poland and our response will be ‘devastating’ - politico.euNATO to Putin: Attack Poland and our response will be ‘devastating’  politico.eu

Details emerge of EU defence summit in Poland - ?????????? ??????Details emerge of EU defence summit in Poland  ?????????? ??????

Poland's Allegro names Marcin Kusmierz as new CEO - Retail SystemsPoland's Allegro names Marcin Kusmierz as new CEO  Retail Systems

NRC in Poland - nrc.noNRC in Poland  nrc.no

Polish PM Tusk makes last-ditch plea to avoid Trump’s tariffs - politico.euPolish PM Tusk makes last-ditch plea to avoid Trump’s tariffs  politico.eu

Poland accused of brutality as Belarus border crackdown escalates - politico.euPoland accused of brutality as Belarus border crackdown escalates  politico.eu

Polish presidential candidate ridiculed for donning disguise to promote book - BBCPolish presidential candidate ridiculed for donning disguise to promote book  BBC

Poland may reinstate mandatory military service amid growing Russian threat - The Kyiv IndependentPoland may reinstate mandatory military service amid growing Russian threat  The Kyiv Independent

Poland shares higher at close of trade; WIG30 up 1.73% By Investing.com - Investing.com UKPoland shares higher at close of trade; WIG30 up 1.73% By Investing.com  Investing.com UK

UPDATE: NATO chief warns of ‘devastating’ response to any attack on Poland or allies - TVP WorldUPDATE: NATO chief warns of ‘devastating’ response to any attack on Poland or allies  TVP World

NATO chief in Warsaw: our response will be devastating if Russia attacks Poland - Euronews.comNATO chief in Warsaw: our response will be devastating if Russia attacks Poland  Euronews.com

Poland's Q4 current account surplus revised to 723 mln euros - TradingViewPoland's Q4 current account surplus revised to 723 mln euros  TradingView

Tusk: Poland will no longer comply with EU's Dublin Regulation on returning asylum seekers - Notes From PolandTusk: Poland will no longer comply with EU's Dublin Regulation on returning asylum seekers  Notes From Poland

Ornate 3,000-year-old dagger discovered on Polish coast - TVP WorldOrnate 3,000-year-old dagger discovered on Polish coast  TVP World

Should Poland return to nuclear power? - DWShould Poland return to nuclear power?  DW

US Says Will Retaliate If Poland Introduces Tax on Big Tech - MintUS Says Will Retaliate If Poland Introduces Tax on Big Tech  Mint

BIG Poland Acquires Olsztyn Shopping Centre - RLI - Retail & Leisure InternationalBIG Poland Acquires Olsztyn Shopping Centre  RLI - Retail & Leisure International

Poland factory activity sees strongest growth in nearly three years - PMI - MarketScreenerPoland factory activity sees strongest growth in nearly three years - PMI  MarketScreener

Poland deports Medvedchuk-sponsored Ukrainian traitor to Ukraine - Euromaidan PressPoland deports Medvedchuk-sponsored Ukrainian traitor to Ukraine  Euromaidan Press

Stadler Rail delivers further Flirt multiple-unit trains to Poland - SWI swissinfo.chStadler Rail delivers further Flirt multiple-unit trains to Poland  SWI swissinfo.ch

'The first exhibition of its kind': The art of 'Young Poland' on display in Japan - Euronews.com'The first exhibition of its kind': The art of 'Young Poland' on display in Japan  Euronews.com

Hundreds protest on border against German migrant deportations to Poland - Notes From PolandHundreds protest on border against German migrant deportations to Poland  Notes From Poland

Poland’s cervical cancer fight leaps forward with expanded prevention programme - EuractivPoland’s cervical cancer fight leaps forward with expanded prevention programme  Euractiv

A Ukrainian was detained in Poland — he is suspected of spying for Russia - ??????A Ukrainian was detained in Poland — he is suspected of spying for Russia  ??????

The Stat: Poland to Surpass Japan in GDP per Capita - National ReviewThe Stat: Poland to Surpass Japan in GDP per Capita  National Review

German group files further legal challenge to planned Polish deepwater port - Notes From PolandGerman group files further legal challenge to planned Polish deepwater port  Notes From Poland

Should Poland really return to nuclear power? - DWShould Poland really return to nuclear power?  DW

Poland stocks lower at close of trade; WIG30 down 2.09% - Investing.comPoland stocks lower at close of trade; WIG30 down 2.09%  Investing.com

Poland Is Ditching Its BMP-1 for a New Infantry Fighting Vehicle - The National InterestPoland Is Ditching Its BMP-1 for a New Infantry Fighting Vehicle  The National Interest

Andrzej Duda: US nuclear weapons in Poland would be 'deterrent' for Russia - BBCAndrzej Duda: US nuclear weapons in Poland would be 'deterrent' for Russia  BBC

Poland should strengthen the public finances and continue improving healthcare, says OECD - OECDPoland should strengthen the public finances and continue improving healthcare, says OECD  OECD

Poland signed USD 2 billion deal with U.S. for Patriot air and missile defence system support - Defence Industry EuropePoland signed USD 2 billion deal with U.S. for Patriot air and missile defence system support  Defence Industry Europe

Poland to pioneer use EU pandemic funds for defence - Financial TimesPoland to pioneer use EU pandemic funds for defence  Financial Times

Ocean Winds selects Crist Offshore to deliver offshore electrical substation for Poland's offshore wind project. - 4C OffshoreOcean Winds selects Crist Offshore to deliver offshore electrical substation for Poland's offshore wind project.  4C Offshore

Why Poland’s president wants US nuclear weapons - Atlantic CouncilWhy Poland’s president wants US nuclear weapons  Atlantic Council

Australia Donated M1 Abrams MBTs Could be Stuck in Poland - The National InterestAustralia Donated M1 Abrams MBTs Could be Stuck in Poland  The National Interest

Poland targets visa brokers with new biometric screening plan for Indian applicants - The Economic TimesPoland targets visa brokers with new biometric screening plan for Indian applicants  The Economic Times

NGO Forum 2022-2025. Three years "Razem" [EN/PL] - ReliefWebNGO Forum 2022-2025. Three years "Razem" [EN/PL]  ReliefWeb